Neural mechanisms underlying trust to friends, community members, and unknown peers in adolescence (Processed data)

This item contains the processed data for Sweijen et al. (2023). Neural mechanisms underlying trust to friends, community members, and unknown peers in adolescence. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience.
Trust plays an important role during adolescence for developing social relations. While prior developmental studies give us insight into adolescents’ development of differentiation between close (e.g., friends) and unknown (e.g., unknown peers) targets in trust choices, less is known about the development of trust to societal targets (e.g., members of a community organization), and its underlying neural mechanisms. Using a modified version of the Trust Game, our preregistered fMRI study examined the underlying neural mechanisms of trust to close (friend), societal (community member), and unknown others (unknown peer) during adolescence in 106 participants (aged 12-23). Adolescents showed most trust to friends, less trust to community members, and the least trust to unknown peers. Neural results show that target differentiation in adolescents’ trust behavior is associated with activity in social brain regions implicated during mentalizing, reward processing, and cognitive control. Recruitment of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and orbitofrontal cortex was higher for closer targets (i.e., friend and community member). For the mPFC, this effect was most pronounced during no trust choices. Trust to friends was additionally associated with increased activity in the precuneus and bilateral temporal parietal junction. In contrast, bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex were most active for trust to unknown peers. The mPFC showed increased activity with age and consistent relations with individual differences in feeling needed/useful.
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本数据集包含Sweijen等人（2023）的研究预处理数据，该研究题为《青少年时期对朋友、社群成员与陌生同侪的信任背后的神经机制》，发表于《认知神经科学杂志》(Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience)。
信任在青少年时期的社会关系发展中发挥着关键作用。尽管既往发展心理学研究已揭示青少年在信任决策中对亲密对象（如朋友）与陌生对象（如陌生同侪）的区分能力发展，但人们对社会类对象（如社群组织成员）的信任发展及其背后的神经机制仍知之甚少。
本研究采用改良版信任博弈(Trust Game)范式，通过一项预先注册的功能磁共振成像(fMRI)研究，纳入106名年龄12~23岁的青少年被试，考察了他们对亲密对象（朋友）、社会类对象（社群成员）与陌生他人（陌生同侪）的信任行为背后的神经机制。
青少年对朋友的信任程度最高，对社群成员次之，对陌生同侪的信任程度最低。神经影像学结果显示，青少年信任行为中的对象区分效应，与心理化、奖赏加工及认知控制相关的社会脑区活动存在关联。
相较于陌生对象，亲密对象（即朋友与社群成员）更能激活内侧前额叶皮层(medial prefrontal cortex, mPFC)与眶额皮层(orbitofrontal cortex)。就内侧前额叶皮层而言，这一效应在无信任选择的试次中最为显著。此外，对朋友的信任还与楔前叶(precuneus)及双侧颞顶联合区(bilateral temporal parietal junction, TPJ)的活动增强相关。与之相反，对陌生同侪的信任最能激活双侧背外侧前额叶皮层(dorsolateral prefrontal cortex)与前扣带回皮层(anterior cingulate cortex)。
内侧前额叶皮层的活动随年龄增长而增强，且与个体感受到被需要/有用的个体差异存在稳定关联。
本数据集包包含预处理后的数据文件，仅对本研究的作者开放。有需求的人士可通过发送邮件至[e-mail]申请获取数据权限，申请时请说明所需数据的用途。