National Corrections Reporting Program, 2005

The National Corrections Reporting Program gathers data on prisoners entering and leaving the custody or supervision of state and federal authorities. The dataset is comprised of four types of data: prisoners who were admitted to prison (Part 1), released from prison (Part 2), released from parole (Part 3), or in prison at year end (Part 4). The National Prison Statistics (NPS) program was established in 1926 by the Bureau of the Census in response to a congressional mandate to compile national information on the populations confined in correctional institutions. This program described the characteristics and counts of prison inmates during each calendar year. Since its initiation, responsibility for this program has shifted among several agencies -- in 1950 it was transferred to the Federal Bureau of Prisons and to the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration in 1971. Since 1972, the Bureau of Census, under agreement with the Department of Justice, has had responsibility for compiling the statistical data. Census staff negotiates directly with each state, assembles and edits the data, and prepares the data for analysis and publication.

国家惩教报告计划（National Corrections Reporting Program）负责收集进入州级与联邦当局羁押或监管体系，以及脱离该体系的囚犯相关数据。该数据集包含四类数据：新收押囚犯（第一部分）、刑满释放囚犯（第二部分）、假释期满释放囚犯（第三部分），以及年末在押囚犯（第四部分）。全国监狱统计（National Prison Statistics，NPS）计划由美国人口普查局于1926年设立，以响应国会关于汇总惩教机构关押人员全国性统计信息的授权要求。该计划会统计每一日历年度内监狱在押人员的特征与人数规模。自计划启动以来，其管理职责曾在多个机构间更迭：1950年移交至联邦监狱管理局，1971年转至执法援助管理局。1972年起，美国人口普查局根据与美国司法部达成的协议，负责该统计数据的汇编工作。人口普查局工作人员会与各州直接对接，完成数据的收集、整理与编辑，并为后续的分析与发布做好数据准备。