Lijphart Elections Archive: Lijphart Country Catalog: Netherlands

The Lijphart Elections Archive is a static research collection of district level election results for approximately 350 national legislative elections in 26 countries that was maintained through 2003. When Arend Lijphart began his comparative study of electoral systems in the early 1980s, he discovered that no library anywhere in the world had a collection of the detailed statistics of national elections in democratic countries -- although such statistics were being collected by many government and non-government agencies and, at least in principle, obtainable from these agencies. This was the origin of the Elections Archive in the University Library of the University of Calif ornia, San Diego. The objective of the Archive is to systematically collect election statistics in as much detail as possible, including, as a minimum, the results at the level of the individual election districts in which votes are converted into seats. The original scope of the Archive was the national election results in hard-copy format for the lower or only house of the legislature and for any directly elected upper house in the twenty-seven older democracies from 1945 on (the West European democracies plus the United States, Canada, Costa Rica, India, Israel, Japan, Australia, and New Zealand). The scope has expanded in several directions: more countries, a longer time span, sub-national as well as national elections, and d ata in machine-readable format. Arend Lijphart is Research Professor Emeritus of Political Science at the University of California, San Diego. He is the author of Electoral Systems and Party Systems: A Comparative Study of Twenty-Seven Democracies, 1945-1990 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994) and many articles on elections and electoral systems in Electoral Studies and other journals. The Archive Director is Gary W. Cox, Department of Political Science, University of Califor nia, San Diego.

利普哈特选举档案库（Lijphart Elections Archive）是一个静态研究数据集，收录了26个国家约350场全国立法选举的选区级选举结果，该数据集维护至2003年。1980年代初，阿伦·利普哈特（Arend Lijphart）开展选举制度比较研究时发现，全球范围内没有任何图书馆收藏民主国家全国选举的详细统计数据——尽管这类统计已被众多政府及非政府机构收集，且原则上可从这些机构获取。这便是加州大学圣迭戈分校图书馆选举档案库的起源。该档案库的目标是系统性地尽可能详尽地收集选举统计数据，最低限度需涵盖选票转化为席位的单个选举选区的选举结果。档案库最初的收录范围为1945年以来27个老牌民主国家（西欧民主国家外加美国、加拿大、哥斯达黎加、印度、以色列、日本、澳大利亚及新西兰）的议会下院或唯一议院，以及直选上院的纸质版全国选举结果。目前其收录范围已在多个方向拓展：新增更多国家、延长时间跨度，增加了地方及全国性选举，同时提供机器可读格式的数据。阿伦·利普哈特现为加州大学圣迭戈分校政治学荣誉退休研究教授，著有《选举制度与政党制度：1945-1990年27个民主国家的比较研究》（牛津：牛津大学出版社，1994年），以及多篇发表于《选举研究》（Electoral Studies）及其他期刊的关于选举与选举制度的学术论文。该档案库现任主管为加里·W·考克斯（Gary W. Cox），任职于加州大学圣迭戈分校政治学系。