Path Loss Evaluation for RIS-Aware Mobile Systems

Overview

The following dataset presents the Path Loss (PL) characteristics for 5G/6G mobile systems supported by Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS).

Scenario

The considered network scenario includes 8 three-cell Base Stations (BSs) placed within Poznan city (surroundings of the Old Market) and supported by 15 Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces, which are able to reflect and manipulate a radio signal to influence occurrences such as interferences, coverage, or human exposure. The locations of RIS devices have been selected by the project members referring to the empty areas, where the impact of RISs on PL distribution could be crucial. Next, the suspension heights of the RISs have been manipulated to evaluate the possible improvement of radio signal propagation within the studied area.

Methodology

The PL calculations have been based on the mathematical formulas from the scientific literature (RIS Far-Field Beamforming Case - RIS-FFBC, Source: References section [1]) and reports (Urban Macro-Cell - UMa, Source: References section [2]) performed within the digital simulation runs by using the Green Radio Access Network Design (GRAND) tool (developed by teams from the Ghent University & Poznan University of Technology).

Simulation setup

The setup of the input parameters for used mathematical formulas (PL distribution models) has been done in accordance with the values attached within the delivered literature positions (cited within the Methodology description and the publications included in the Related works section of the following dataset) and adjusted to the considered study. Furthermore, the data used to model the network environment (building distribution, coverage area, base stations' locations) are the real data collected by the City Hall of Poznan and one of the Polish Mobile Operators, respectively.

Results

The results of the aforementioned investigations have been included in the attached files, which can be described as follows:

The first 2 columns denote the X and Y coordinates for the measurement points, for which the Path Loss values (via LOS, NLOS, or RIS) have been obtained. The third column presents the observed minimal PL value for a particular measurement point. The study has been performed for 5 different configurations - RIS disabled (_results_wmas_no_ris.csv), RIS enabled placed at default heights (_results_wmas_ris_0m.csv), RIS enabled and placed at heights differing from the initial (default) heights about 10 (_results_wmas_ris_10m.csv), 20 (_results_wmas_ris_20m.csv), and 30 (_results_wmas_ris_30m.csv) meters. 

Acknowledgment

More details about the conducted studies have been described within the attached papers (Related works section). The work (including the following dataset preparation) by A. Samorzewski and A. Kliks was realized within project no. 2021/43/B/ST7/01365 funded by the National Science Center in Poland.

## 概述
本数据集呈现了搭载可重构智能表面（Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces, RIS）的5G/6G移动通信系统的路径损耗（Path Loss, PL）特性。

## 场景设置
本次研究的网络场景设置为：在波兰波兹南市老城区周边区域部署8台三扇区基站（Base Stations, BSs），并搭配15台可重构智能表面。可重构智能表面可反射并调控无线电信号，从而对信号干扰、覆盖范围或人体射频暴露等情况产生影响。项目团队依据空地区域选定RIS的部署点位——此类区域中RIS对路径损耗分布的影响往往至关重要。此外，课题组还调整了RIS的悬挂高度，以评估该参数对研究区域内无线电信号传播性能的潜在提升效果。

## 研究方法
路径损耗的计算基于两篇学术文献与行业报告中的数学模型：其一为可重构智能表面远场波束赋形场景（RIS Far-Field Beamforming Case, RIS-FFBC，来源：参考文献[1]），其二为城市宏蜂窝（Urban Macro-Cell, UMa，来源：参考文献[2]）。本数据集的仿真实验均采用根特大学与波兹南理工大学联合开发的绿色无线接入网设计（Green Radio Access Network Design, GRAND）工具完成。

## 仿真设置
所用数学模型（路径损耗分布模型）的输入参数设置，严格遵循对应文献（已在本数据集的方法描述与相关研究板块中引用）中的标准取值，并结合本次研究场景进行了适配调整。用于构建网络环境模型的数据——包括建筑分布、覆盖区域范围与基站部署位置——分别取自波兹南市市政厅与波兰某移动通信运营商的实测数据集。

## 实验结果
本次研究的实验结果已整理至附件文件中，具体说明如下：
数据文件的前两列为测量点位的X、Y坐标，对应点位的路径损耗值分别通过视距（Line-of-Sight, LOS）、非视距（Non-Line-of-Sight, NLOS）或可重构智能表面链路获取；第三列为该测量点位观测到的最小路径损耗值。本研究共设置5种不同配置场景：
1. 禁用可重构智能表面（_results_wmas_no_ris.csv）；
2. 启用可重构智能表面并采用默认悬挂高度（_results_wmas_ris_0m.csv）；
3. 启用可重构智能表面，悬挂高度相较于默认值分别提升10米（_results_wmas_ris_10m.csv）、20米（_results_wmas_ris_20m.csv）与30米（_results_wmas_ris_30m.csv）。

## 致谢
关于本次研究的更多细节，可参阅附件中的相关研究论文（对应本数据集的相关研究板块）。本数据集的编制与相关研究工作由A. Samorzewski与A. Kliks完成，依托波兰国家科学中心资助的项目编号2021/43/B/ST7/01365开展。