Table 1_Assembly and analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of Prunus davidiana (Rosaceae).xlsx

Prunus davidiana is an excellent woody species with high resistance to various abiotic and biotic stresses. The species is also a potential gene donor due to its important developmental prospects. However, the characterisation of the mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) remains unexplored. In this study, we sequenced and assembled the mitogenome of P. davidiana using reads from Illumina sequencing and the Oxford Nanopore platform. According to the results, the P. davidiana mitogenome is 407,608 bp in length, with a GC content of 45.5%. It contains 64 genes, including 39 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes and 3 rRNA genes. Codon usage, repetitive sequences, nonsynonymous to synonymous substitution ratios, RNA editing, synteny, and phylogenetic relationships among Rosaceae species and gene migration events were investigated. In addition, two novel indel markers were developed to distinguish several Prunus species (i.e. P. pseudocerasus, P. armeniaca, P. salicina and P. davidiana). The results of our analyses provide valuable information and a theoretical basis for future research on P. davidiana.

山桃（Prunus davidiana）是一种优异的木本物种，对多种非生物胁迫与生物胁迫均具备极强抗性。因其具备重要的开发前景，该物种亦是潜在的优良基因供体。然而目前针对其线粒体基因组（mitogenome）的解析仍处于空白状态。本研究依托Illumina测序与牛津纳米孔（Oxford Nanopore）平台获取的测序读段，完成了山桃线粒体基因组的测序与组装工作。测序结果显示，山桃线粒体基因组全长为407608 bp，GC含量为45.5%，共包含64个基因，其中包括39个蛋白质编码基因、22个转运RNA（tRNA）基因以及3个核糖体RNA（rRNA）基因。本研究针对密码子使用偏好、重复序列特征、非同义替换与同义替换比值、RNA编辑事件、共线性关系、蔷薇科（Rosaceae）物种间的系统发育关联以及基因迁移事件展开了全面分析。此外，本研究开发了2个新型插入缺失（indel）标记，可用于区分多个李属（Prunus）物种，具体包括P. pseudocerasus、P. armeniaca、P. salicina以及P. davidiana。本研究的分析结果可为后续山桃的相关研究提供宝贵的参考数据与理论基础。