Perseverative cognition and suicide structural equation modeling

Objectives: Suicide is a significant public health issue with a high prevalence. Various studies have suggested that perseverative cognitions play an important role in the occurrence of suicide. However, the mediating mechanisms underlying the relationship between perseverative cognitions and suicidality remain largely unknown. Accordingly, the present study aimed to investigate the route of perseverative cognitions to suicide regarding the mediating role of positive and negative valence systems and social disconnection. Method: 256 students from the Shiraz University of Medical Sciences participated in this cross-sectional study. The data were collected using the Perseverative Cognitions Questionnaire (PCQ), Approach-Avoidance Temperament Questionnaire (ATQ), Social Connectedness Scale-Revised (SCS-R), and Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R). Collected data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation test and structural equation modeling in SPSS and AMOS-26. Results: The results showed that perseverative cognitions had a direct and significant effect on Suicidal Ideation (p < .001). Moreover, positive and negative valence systems and social disconnection significantly mediated the relationship between perseverative cognitions and suicide. Conclusion: Our findings showed that multiple factors including perseverative cognitions, positive and negative valence systems, and social disconnection have a role in the occurrence of suicide among university students. Accordingly, addressing these factors in therapeutic plans should be taken into consideration.

研究目标：自杀是一种高发的重大公共卫生问题。多项研究已证实，持续性认知（perseverative cognitions）在自杀行为的发生过程中发挥着关键作用。然而，持续性认知与自杀倾向之间的关联所涉及的中介机制，目前仍尚未明确。据此，本研究旨在探讨持续性认知指向自杀的路径，重点考察正负效价系统与社会隔绝的中介作用。
研究方法：本项横断面研究共纳入设拉子医科大学的256名学生作为研究对象。研究采用持续性认知问卷（Perseverative Cognitions Questionnaire, PCQ）、趋近-回避气质问卷（Approach-Avoidance Temperament Questionnaire, ATQ）、社会联结量表修订版（Social Connectedness Scale-Revised, SCS-R）以及自杀行为问卷修订版（Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised, SBQ-R）收集数据。采用SPSS与AMOS-26软件中的皮尔逊相关检验及结构方程模型对采集的数据进行统计分析。
研究结果：结果显示，持续性认知对自杀意念具有显著的直接正向影响（p < .001）。此外，正负效价系统与社会隔绝在持续性认知与自杀行为的关联中均发挥了显著的中介效应。
研究结论：本研究结果表明，持续性认知、正负效价系统及社会隔绝等多重因素均与大学生群体的自杀行为发生密切相关。据此，在制定临床干预方案时，应充分考量对上述相关因素的干预与调节。