Table5_Identifying molecular subgroups of patients with preeclampsia through bioinformatics.docx

Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-related disorder associated with serious complications. Its molecular mechanisms remain undefined; hence, we aimed to identify molecular subgroups of patients with PE using bioinformatics to aid treatment strategies. R software was used to analyze gene expression data of 130 patients with PE and 138 healthy individuals from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Patients with PE were divided into two molecular subgroups using the unsupervised clustering learning method. Clinical feature analysis of subgroups using weighted gene co-expression network analysis showed that the patients in subgroup I were primarily characterized by early onset of PE, severe symptoms at disease onset, and induced labor as the main delivery method. Patients in subgroup II primarily exhibited late PE onset, relatively mild symptoms, and natural delivery as the main delivery method. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses revealed that the significant enrichment of calcium ion channels in subgroup II indicated the potential efficacy of calcium antagonists and magnesium sulfate therapy. In conclusion, the establishment of PE molecular subgroups can aid in diagnosing and treating PE.

子痫前期（Preeclampsia, PE）是一类可引发严重并发症的妊娠相关疾病，其分子机制尚未阐明。本研究旨在通过生物信息学方法鉴定PE患者的分子亚型，以辅助临床治疗策略的制定。研究使用R软件对来自基因表达综合数据库（Gene Expression Omnibus, GEO）的130例PE患者与138例健康对照个体的基因表达数据进行分析，采用无监督聚类学习方法将PE患者分为两个分子亚型。通过加权基因共表达网络分析对两个亚型进行临床特征分析后发现，亚型I患者主要表现为早发性PE、发病时症状严重，且以引产作为主要分娩方式；亚型II患者则多表现为晚发性PE、症状相对轻微，主要分娩方式为自然分娩。基因本体（Gene Ontology, GO）与京都基因与基因组百科全书（Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, KEGG）通路富集分析结果显示，亚型II中钙离子通道存在显著富集现象，提示钙拮抗剂与硫酸镁治疗具备潜在疗效。综上，PE分子亚型的构建可为子痫前期的诊疗提供辅助依据。