Survey of dental diseases in Crioulo breed horses reared in an extensive farming system

ABSTRACT The present study aimed to identify and quantify dental diseases in Crioulo horses reared exclusively under extensive farming conditions. In total, 254 Crioulo horses were evaluated, that were reared exclusively in native pastures with predominantly Eragrostis plana (Annoni grass). The animals were divided into three groups according to age: three to five years (G1), six to 12 years (G2), and 13 to 26 years (G3). In total, 46.1% of the animals in G1, 63.8% in G2, and 82.3% in G3 had two or more incisor disorders; 37.5% in G1, 52.5% in G2 and 45.5% in G3 had two or more disease findings in the canines; and 28.9% in G1, 35.4% in G2, and 64.7% in G3 had four or more disease findings in the second, third, and fourth premolars and molars. However, dental calculus was observed in 90.5% of G2 animals, whereas in G3, the occurrence rate of excessive enamel points and calculus was 82.4%. Although all of the horses studied were reared in an extensive farming system, dental changes were very common in the Crioulo breed reared under these management conditions.

摘要 本研究旨在识别并量化完全采用粗放养殖模式饲养的克里奥罗马（Crioulo horses）的牙科疾病。本研究共计评估了254匹克里奥罗马，该群体均饲养于以扁画眉草（Eragrostis plana，俗称Annoni草）为优势物种的天然牧场中。研究对象按年龄划分为三组：3~5岁组（G1）、6~12岁组（G2）及13~26岁组（G3）。结果显示，G1、G2、G3组中分别有46.1%、63.8%、82.3%的马匹存在2种及以上门齿异常；37.5%、52.5%、45.5%的马匹存在2种及以上犬齿病变；28.9%、35.4%、64.7%的马匹在第二、第三、第四前臼齿及臼齿中存在4种及以上牙科病变。此外，G2组中有90.5%的个体检出牙结石；G3组中过度釉质尖与牙结石的检出率均为82.4%。尽管本研究涉及的所有马匹均采用粗放养殖体系进行管理，但在该饲养模式下的克里奥罗马群体中，牙科病变仍极为常见。