On genocide, an interview with Daniel Feierstein

In this interview, Daniel Feierstein, an Argentine sociologist with extensive experience in genocide studies, reviews the main themes of his iusconstructivist proposal and the contributions he has in sociology and law. After a brief tour of his personal history and intellectual concerns, Feierstein addresses the explanation of the psychogenetic development of the construction of moral judgment, taking as theoretical references Jean Piaget and Norbert Elías to reach the dilemma between positive law and the theory of natural law. The iusconstructivista proposal is inspired by Carlos Nino's theory of moral constructivism, in which Feierstein presents his point of view on the current path of criminal law in the world, referring to jurists such as Günther Jakobs and Luigi Ferrajoli and practical cases such as Colombian and Mexican. The interview centrally addresses the issue of State crimes, specifically the concepts of crimes against humanity and genocide, citing the Nuremberg trials, international conventions, and Raphael Lemkin as a theoretical reference. Cases such as the Argentine trials on state crimes committed during the dictatorship and the comparison of the democratic regimes of the XXI century in Colombia and Mexico with those of the XX century are analyzed under the theory of the two demons and the concept of genocide. Finally, the iusconstructivista proposal contributes to the cases of trial of genocide and its perception about the norm, which can be applied to the most current case on the limits of restriction and the error of equating this function of the norm in de facto governments with the Government measures taken in the face of the global COVID-19 pandemic.

本次访谈的受访对象为长期深耕种族灭绝研究的阿根廷社会学家丹尼尔·费耶斯坦（Daniel Feierstein），访谈中他系统梳理了自身法权建构主义（iusconstructivist）主张的核心议题，以及其在社会学与法学领域的学术贡献。在简要回顾个人学术历程与思想关切后，费耶斯坦阐释了道德判断建构的心理发生发展脉络，以让·皮亚杰（Jean Piaget）与诺贝特·埃利亚斯（Norbert Elias）为理论参照，探讨了实在法（positive law）与自然法（natural law）之间的理论困境。该法权建构主义主张的理论灵感源自卡洛斯·尼诺（Carlos Nino）的道德建构主义理论，费耶斯坦在此部分阐述了其对全球刑事法律体系当前发展路径的看法，援引了京特·雅科布斯（Günther Jakobs）、路易吉·费拉约利（Luigi Ferrajoli）等法学家的理论，以及哥伦比亚与墨西哥的实践案例。本次访谈的核心议题为国家犯罪，具体涵盖危害人类罪（crimes against humanity）与种族灭绝罪（genocide）的概念界定，访谈以纽伦堡审判（Nuremberg trials）、国际公约以及拉斐尔·莱姆金（Raphael Lemkin）作为核心理论参照。访谈以双恶魔理论与种族灭绝概念为分析框架，探讨了阿根廷独裁时期国家犯罪审判案例，并对比了21世纪哥伦比亚、墨西哥的民主政体与20世纪的民主政体。最后，法权建构主义主张可为种族灭绝审判案例及其规范认知提供理论支撑，其分析框架可适用于当下的规范限制边界议题，以及将威权政府（de facto governments）中此类规范限制功能与全球新冠疫情背景下各国政府所采取的防疫措施等同的认知谬误。