Auditory-alone condition model fits for one randomly selected subject.

Plotted across the columns are model fits for each of the five auditory locations, from -13 to +13. The dotted light blue line shows the true stimulus location, the subject’s data is plotted in the shaded light blue regions, and the solid dark blue line shows the model’s fit to the data. As shown by the red arrows, simple models that assume unbiased sensory representations make considerable errors in estimating subjects’ response, as simulated response distributions are centered near the true stimulus locations. By allowing the sensory representations to vary, biases can be more fully accounted for, as is shown in the fits for the 8-parameter model in the second row.各列依次呈现了5个听觉位置（范围为-13至+13）对应的模型拟合结果。其中浅蓝色虚线代表真实刺激位置，被试实验数据绘制于浅蓝色阴影区域内，深蓝色实线则为模型对实验数据的拟合曲线。如红色箭头所示，假设感官表征无偏的简单模型在估计被试反应时存在显著误差，这是因为模拟得到的反应分布集中于真实刺激位置附近。而通过允许感官表征发生变化，模型能够更充分地解释偏差现象，这一点在第二行的8参数模型拟合结果中得到了验证。