Table1_Growth and anemia among children with tuberculosis infection at different sites in Southwest China.docx

ObjectivesTo explore the effects of tuberculosis (TB) infection at different sites on anthropometric indicators, malnutrition and anemia incidence in children in Southwest China.
MethodsFrom January 2012 to December 2021, a total of 368 children aged 1 month to 16 years were enrolled. According to the sites of TB infection, they were divided into three groups: tuberculous meningitis (T group), tuberculous meningitis complicated withpulmonary tuberculosis (TP group), and tuberculous meningitis complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis and abdominal tuberculosis (TPA group). Data on weight, height, nutritional risk, blood biochemical indicators and basic descriptions were collected within 48 h after admission.
ResultsThe body mass index-for-age z score (BAZ), height-for-age z score (HAZ), and concentrations of hemoglobin (Hb) and albumin (ALB) decreased in the following order: T group, TP group, and TPA group. The prevalence of malnutrition was the highest in the TPA group (69.5%, 82/118) and 10-to 16-year-old group (72.4%, 63/87). Children aged 0.5–2 years exhibited the highest anemia prevalence of 70.6% (48/68) among the four age groups.The TPA group had the highest incidence of anemia (70.5%, 67/95) compared to T group and TP group.Compared with the treatment group, the abandonment group had a lower BAZ, HAZ and levels of HB and ALB, a higher rate of severe malnutrition, and higher nutritional risk scores. Children who had a low BAZ [odds ratio (OR) = 1.98], nutritional risk (OR = 0.56) and anemia (OR = 1.02) were less likely to obtain treatment with their guardians' support.
ConclusionsChildren with tuberculous meningitis were at risk for growth disorders and anemia, especially when complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis and abdominal tuberculosis. The prevalence of anemia and malnutrition was the highest among patients aged 1 month to 2 years and 10–16 years, respectively. Nutritional status was one of the causes of abandoning treatment.

研究目的
探讨中国西南地区不同部位结核病（TB）感染对儿童体格发育指标、营养不良及贫血发生率的影响。

研究方法
2012年1月至2021年12月，共纳入368名年龄1月龄至16岁的儿童。根据结核病感染部位分为三组：结核性脑膜炎组（T组）、结核性脑膜炎合并肺结核组（TP组），以及结核性脑膜炎合并肺结核与腹部结核组（TPA组）。于患儿入院后48小时内收集其体重、身高、营养风险、血液生化指标及基本信息数据。

研究结果
年龄别体重指数z评分（BAZ）、年龄别身高z评分（HAZ）以及血红蛋白（Hb）、白蛋白（ALB）水平依次呈T组、TP组、TPA组降低的趋势。营养不良患病率以TPA组最高（69.5%，82/118），10~16岁年龄组的营养不良患病率最高（72.4%，63/87）。在四个年龄分组中，0.5~2岁儿童的贫血患病率最高，达70.6%（48/68）。与T组及TP组相比，TPA组的贫血发生率最高（70.5%，67/95）。与治疗组相比，放弃治疗组的BAZ、HAZ及Hb、ALB水平更低，重度营养不良发生率更高，营养风险评分也更高。年龄别体重指数z评分偏低[比值比（OR）=1.98]、存在营养风险（OR=0.56）及贫血（OR=1.02）的儿童，其在监护人支持下接受治疗的可能性更低。

研究结论
结核性脑膜炎患儿存在生长发育障碍及贫血风险，若合并肺结核与腹部结核则风险进一步升高。贫血及营养不良患病率分别在1月龄至2岁年龄组、10~16岁年龄组中最高。营养状况是导致患儿放弃治疗的原因之一。