Technology transfer from Nordic capital parenting companies to Lithuanian and Estonian subsidiaries or joint capital com-panies: the analysis of the obtained primary data

Scientific literature describes various factors influencing knowledge transfer and successful adoption, assimilation, transformation, and exploitation. These four components are mostly related to the absorptive capacity of the company. However, more factors influence both developments of innovations or patents and the lack of ability to use external and internal information (knowledge).<strong> </strong>Using external knowledge is often associated with previous experience or even a point of view towards investment in innovation or developing patents. Thus, the companies might be divided into innovators and imitators. The research addresses several problems (questions). What external factors are influencing knowledge transfer and further development of innovation? What factors are influencing absorptive capacity? What factors are essential in cooperation and knowledge transfer to switch from a linear to a circular economy? To collect data, a computer-assisted telephone interviewing method was used. The survey was addressed to subsidiaries, joint companies, Lithuanian-Nordic, Estonian-Nordic capital companies, or companies in close collaboration with the Nordic countries. 158 companies from Estonia and Lithuania agreed to answer all questions. The survey involves companies of various sizes and ages from different business sectors. Reliability was denoted as Cronbach's alpha has been estimated. KMO test was used to measure whether data is suitable for principal component analysis. Additionally, PCA was performed. PCA reduced the number of variables into an extracted number of components. The separate row of the component defined a linear composite of the component score that would be the expected value of associated variable. The data set may be used to develop interlinkages among the research mentioned above questions, and results of introducing innovation, the company's size, and age might be used as control variables. The article aims to analyze factors determining innovation development and their interlinkages while technology is transferred from Nordic parenting companies to the subsidiaries. The article's results contribute to the interdisciplinary knowledge transfer, innovations, and internationalization field.