Results from the monitoring of veterinary medicinal product residues and other substances in live animals and animal products - North Macedonia

This dataset contains the monitoring results of veterinary medicinal product residues and other substances measured in live animals and animal products analysed by the national competent authority of North Macedonia. The presence of unauthorised substances, residues of veterinary medicinal products or chemical contaminants in food may pose a risk factor for public health. For this reason and in order to ensure a high level of consumer protection, a comprehensive legislative framework has been established in the European Union (EU) which defines maximum limits permitted in food and monitoring programmes for the control of the presence of these substances in the food chain. Regulation (EU) No 37/2010 establishes maximum limits for residues of veterinary medicinal products in food-producing animals and animal products. Maximum residue levels for pesticides in or on food and feed of plant and animal origin are laid down in Regulation (EC) No 396/2005. Commission Regulation (EC) 1881/2006 lays down the maximum limits for the presence of certain contaminants in animal products. Council Directive 96/23/EC lays down measures to monitor certain substances and residues thereof, mainly veterinary medicinal products, in live animals and animal products. Additionally, Commission Decision 97/747/EC lays down levels and frequencies of sampling for certain animal products. The chemical monitoring data collected and published by EFSA include the analytical results provided by EU Member States and three pre-accession countries: Bosnia-Herzegovina, Montenegro and North Macedonia. The dataset contains the results of laboratory tests from samples taken from bovines, pigs, sheep, goats, horses, poultry, rabbits, farmed game, wild game aquaculture, milk, eggs and honey. Targeted samples are taken with the aim of detecting illegal treatment or controlling compliance with the maximum levels laid down in the relevant legislation. This means that, in their national plans Member States target the groups of animals (species, gender, age) where the probability of finding residues is the highest. Suspect samples are taken as a consequence of i) non-compliant results on samples taken in accordance with the monitoring plan, ii) possession or presence of prohibited substances at any point during manufacture, storage, distribution or sale through the food and feed production chain, or iii) suspicion or evidence of illegal treatment or non-compliance with the withdrawal period for an authorised medicinal veterinary product. Residues of pharmacologically active substances mean active substances, excipients or degradation products and their metabolites, which remain in food. Unauthorised substances or products mean substances or products prohibited under European Union legislation. Non-compliant sample is a sample that has been analysed for the presence of one or more substances and failed to comply with the legal provisions for at least one substance. Thus, a sample can be non-compliant for one or more substances. <strong>REPORTING AUTHORITIES CONTRIBUTING TO EACH DATA COLLECTION:</strong> VMPR_2017 – Food and Veterinary Agency VMPR_2018 – Food and Veterinary Agency本数据集收录了北马其顿国家主管部门对活体动物及动物产品开展检测后得到的兽药（veterinary medicinal product）残留及其他物质监测结果。食品中存在未经批准的物质、兽药残留或化学污染物，可能对公众健康构成风险。为此，为保障高水平的消费者保护，欧盟（EU）建立了完善的立法框架，明确了食品中的最大允许限量以及食品链中此类物质的监控计划。(EU) No 37/2010号法规确立了食用动物及动物产品中兽药残留的最大允许限量；(EC) No 396/2005号法规规定了植物源及动物源食品与饲料中内外源农药的最大残留水平；(EC) No 1881/2006号委员会法规则制定了动物产品中部分污染物的最大允许限值；96/23/EC号理事会指令明确了针对活体动物及动物产品中部分物质及其残留（主要为兽药）的监控措施。此外，97/747/EC号委员会决定规定了部分动物产品的采样水平与采样频率。欧洲食品安全局（EFSA）收集并发布的化学监测数据，涵盖了欧盟成员国以及波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那、黑山、北马其顿3个入盟候选国提交的分析结果。本数据集包含针对牛、猪、绵羊、山羊、马、家禽、兔、养殖野味、野生水产养殖动物、乳、蛋及蜂蜜采集样本的实验室检测结果。靶向采样的目的在于检测非法用药行为，或核查是否符合相关法规规定的最大残留限值。这意味着各成员国在本国监控计划中，会优先针对兽药残留检出概率最高的动物类群（物种、性别、年龄）开展采样。可疑样本的采集情形包括：i）依据监控计划采集的样本检测结果不符合要求；ii）在食品及饲料生产链的制造、储存、分销或销售任一环节中，发现或持有违禁物质；iii）存在非法用药行为，或未遵守兽药休药期的可疑证据或事实。药理学活性物质残留是指残留于食品中的活性成分、辅料、降解产物及其代谢产物；未经批准的物质或产品是指欧盟法规中禁止使用的物质或产品；不符合要求样本是指经检测发现一种或多种物质不符合至少一项法定规定的样本，因此一份样本可因一种或多种物质被判定为不符合要求。<strong>各数据采集项目的报送机构：</strong>VMPR_2017 – 食品与兽药局；VMPR_2018 – 食品与兽药局