Parkes observations for project P1238 semester 2024APRS_03

Young and energetic pulsars can power strong pulsar wind nebula (PWN), which can be observed from radio to X-ray and beyond. Thanks to the superior sensitivity of the ASKAP EMU survey, we are able to identify new PWNe in the Galactic plane, and use them to guide our search of radio pulsars. This strategy was demonstrated successful by the recent discoveries of two high dispersion measure (DM) pulsars powering a bow-shocked PWNe. Recently, we analysed several EMU fields covering the Galactic plane and identified another five new PWNe candidates. Here we propose to use the Parkes UWL receiver to carry out targeted search of radio pulsars powering these PWNe. Since these system are located in the Galactic plane and can be distant, we expect them to have large DMs. Such high DMs will lead to strong scattering and smearing and make pulsars undetectable in previous pulsar surveys. The wide frequency coverage of UWL, especially the high frequencies, will allow us to avoid these effects and therefore offer us a better chance to find these pulsars.

年轻活跃的脉冲星能够驱动高强度的脉冲星风云（pulsar wind nebula, PWN），这类天体可在射电、X射线乃至更宽波段被观测到。得益于澳大利亚平方公里阵列探路者（ASKAP）的EMU巡天项目卓越的灵敏度，我们得以在银河平面中识别出新的脉冲星风云，并以此为指引开展射电脉冲星搜寻工作。这一策略已在近期的两项发现中得到验证：两颗高色散量（dispersion measure, DM）脉冲星分别驱动了弓形激波脉冲星风云。近期，我们对覆盖银河平面的多个EMU巡天视场进行了分析，额外识别出5个新的脉冲星风云候选体。在此，我们提出使用帕克斯（Parkes）UWL接收机对这些脉冲星风云所驱动的射电脉冲星开展靶向搜寻。由于这类天体位于银河平面且距离遥远，我们预期它们具有较大的色散量。高色散量会引发强烈的散射与脉冲展宽效应，使得此前的脉冲星巡天无法探测到这类脉冲星。而UWL接收机的宽频覆盖范围，尤其是高频段覆盖能力，将帮助我们规避上述效应，从而大幅提升发现这类脉冲星的可能性。