Quality of peach fruits Jarillo cv. (Prunus persica L.) in Pamplona, Colombia

Abstract The aim of this study was to characterize the quality of peach fruits Jarillo cv., produced under the conditions of altitude tropical climate in three locations: Pamplona, Chitagá and Pamplonita, in Northern Santander, Colombia. Ten trees were sampled by the conditioned latin hypercube method and eight growing fruits with physiological state of maturity were selected. By means of a profile analysis, the hypotheses of parallelism, coincidence and horizontality of quality variables in the complete measurement interval were tested, and in some segments of the interval, some patterns from the graphic point of view were found. A radial diagram was made to study the development of fruit color at each thermal level. When the quotient between longitudinal diameter and equatorial diameter tends to 1 to the left, the highest weight values are reached, highlighting the lowest elevation level, with weights around 150 g. The profile analysis showed, regarding quality variables, that there was a significant interaction between evaluation time and altitude level. The results show that the prevailing climatic conditions affect the physicochemical characteristics of fruits during the growth process until maturation.

摘要 本研究旨在表征哥伦比亚北桑坦德省（Northern Santander）潘普洛纳（Pamplona）、奇塔加（Chitagá）和潘普洛尼塔（Pamplonita）三个热带高海拔产区的贾里洛（Jarillo）桃品种果实品质。本研究采用条件化拉丁超立方抽样法（conditioned latin hypercube method）选取10株果树，并挑选8个处于生理成熟状态的发育中果实。通过剖面分析（profile analysis），检验了全测量区间内品质变量的平行性、一致性与水平性假设，并在该区间的部分分段中从图形视角发现了若干特征模式。本研究绘制了径向图（radial diagram），以分析各热积温层级下果实色泽的发育动态。当果实纵径与横径的比值趋近于1且偏向左侧时，其单果重达到峰值，其中以最低海拔产区表现最为突出，单果重约为150克。剖面分析结果表明，就品质变量而言，评估时间与海拔层级间存在显著交互作用。研究结果显示，在果实从生长至成熟的全过程中，当地主导气候条件会影响果实的理化特性。