A FUNCTIONAL-SEMANTIC ANALYSIS OF KINSHIP TERMINOLOGY IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK

The present study investigates the semantic structure of kinship terms in English and Uzbek from a functional-semantic perspective. The research is based on the assumption that lexical meanings can be decomposed into minimal semantic components, which allows for a systematic description of kinship terminology. Drawing upon componential analysis, the study examines the semantic features underlying kinship nouns and identifies both differential and integral semantic markers that determine their meanings. Special attention is paid to the notions of semantic features, semantic components, generation hierarchy, gender distinctions, and the interaction between linguistic and extralinguistic information. The findings demonstrate that kinship terminology constitutes a highly structured lexical-semantic system and provides valuable evidence for cross-linguistic semantic comparison.本研究从功能语义视角出发，考察英语与乌兹别克语亲属称谓的语义结构。本研究基于“词汇意义可分解为最小语义成分（minimal semantic components）”的假设，以此实现对亲属称谓术语的系统性描述。本研究借助语义成分分析法（componential analysis），考察了亲属称谓名词背后的语义特征（semantic features），并识别出决定其语义的区别性语义标记与整合性语义标记。本研究重点关注语义特征、语义成分、代际层级、性别差异，以及语言信息与非语言信息（linguistic and extralinguistic information）间的互动等核心议题。研究结果显示，亲属称谓术语构成了一套高度结构化的词汇语义系统，同时为跨语言语义对比提供了极具价值的实证支撑。