Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing Successfully Detects Pulmonary Infectious Pathogens in Children with Hematologic Malignancy

Pulmonary infection is a leading
cause of mortality in pediatric patients with hematologic malignancy (HM). In clinical
settings, pulmonary pathogens are frequently undetectable, and empiric therapies may be
costly, ineffective and lead to poor outcomes in this vulnerable population. Metagenomic
next-generation sequencing (mNGS) enhances pathogen
detection, but data on its application in pediatric patients
with HM and pulmonary infections are scarce.

肺部感染是血液系统恶性肿瘤（Hematologic Malignancy, HM）患儿死亡的主要诱因之一。临床实践中，肺部病原体常难以被检出，而经验性治疗往往成本高昂、疗效欠佳，且会导致这一脆弱人群的不良预后。宏基因组下一代测序（Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing, mNGS）可提升病原体检出能力，但针对血液系统恶性肿瘤患儿合并肺部感染的mNGS应用相关数据仍较为匮乏。