Three-dimensional reconstructed canopies of apple cultivars grafted on different interstocks

Canopy architecture is important for a range of orchard ecosystem processes, including radiation interception and distribution within canopy, flowering, carbon assimilation, fruit yield and quality and pest and pathogen attacks in fruit trees. The canopy of fruit tree varies greatly from cultivar to cultivar, and can be manipulated by horticultural practices, such as rootstock, pruning, training etc. We collected canopy architectural data in ‘Fuji’ and ‘Gala’ apple cultivars which were grafted onto two rootstock/interstock combinations: <em>M. micromalus</em>/<em>M. domestica</em> cv. ‘Qinguan’, a vigorous interstock and <em>M. micromalus</em>/M26, a dwarf interstock. Allometric relationships at leaf and shoot scale were determined for all shoot types before harvests in 2011 and 2012, including bourse, bourse short shoot, bourse long shoot, vegetative short shoot, and vegetative long shoot. A dataset of 4351 records of leaf Euler angles were digitized for all shoot types. For 19 trees, their 3D distribution of the foliage within canopy was reconstructed by combining both the spatial locations of shoots (as measured from 3D digitizing) and foliage reconstruction based on allometric relationships and leaf angle distributions. We believe this dataset is a valuable resource for studies and models that require leaf angles and detailed 3D virtual canopies.冠层结构（canopy architecture）对一系列果园生态系统过程至关重要，包括冠层内的辐射截获与分布、开花过程、碳同化作用、果实产量与品质，以及果树的病虫害侵染。果树冠层因品种不同差异显著，且可通过砧木、修剪、整形等园艺栽培措施进行调控。本研究采集了嫁接于两种砧木/中间砧组合的‘富士’与‘嘎啦’苹果品种的冠层结构数据，两种组合分别为：壮旺型中间砧M. micromalus/M. domestica cv. ‘Qinguan’，以及矮化型中间砧M. micromalus/M26。本研究于2011年与2012年收获前，测定了所有类型枝条（包括果台、果台短梢、果台长梢、营养短梢及营养长梢）在叶片与枝条尺度下的异速生长关系。本研究对所有枝条类型的叶片欧拉角（Euler angles）进行了数字化处理，共得到4351条记录的数据集。针对19株果树，本研究通过整合枝条的空间定位（经三维数字化测量获得）与基于异速生长关系及叶片角分布的叶幕重建方法，完成了其冠层内叶片的三维分布重构。本数据集可为需要叶片角度信息及精细三维虚拟冠层的相关研究与模型构建提供宝贵的数据支撑。