Sex pheromones from <em>Linyphia triangularis</em> (Araneae: Linyphiidae) and <em>Aphidoletes aphidimyza</em> (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) are promising attractants for <em>Aphidoletes aphidimyza</em> (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)

Although Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Rondani) is a predator of aphids, its biocontrol efficacy depends largely on oviposition behavior. Previous studies have shown that spider webs can attract A. aphidimyza and enhance its oviposition. It has been hypothesized that sex pheromones from spider webs and A. aphidimyza itself may affect its mating and oviposition, but this remains unconfirmed. In our study, we selected (2R,7S)-diacetoxytridecane (sex pheromone of A. aphidimyza), (R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid (sex pheromone of Linyphia triangularis (Clerck)), and a mixture of these pheromones (at a 10:1 concentration ratio) to investigate their overall response on A. aphidimyza in terms of electroantennogram, behavior, fecundity, attraction, and aphid control. Our results indicated that these pheromones elicited antennal responses in A. aphidimyza. Specifically, (2R,7S)-diacetoxytridecane significantly attracted males, while (R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid significantly attracted females; their mixture attracted both sexes. These compounds did not affect oviposition and lifespan of A. aphidimyza. The pheromone mixture attracted significantly more A. aphidimyza than the control group. The number of aphids in the mixture group began to decline one day earlier than that in the control group and ultimately achieved a 100% control effect against aphids in a greenhouse. Our findings provide evidence for further exploration of the relationship between L. triangularis and A. aphidimyza. The studied pheromone blend shows potential as an attractant for A. aphidimyza, which could enhance aphid biological control in greenhouses.尽管食蚜瘿蚊（Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Rondani)）是蚜虫的捕食性天敌，但其生物防治效能在很大程度上取决于其产卵行为。既往研究表明，蜘蛛网可吸引食蚜瘿蚊并提升其产卵活性。有假说提出，蜘蛛网与食蚜瘿蚊自身分泌的性信息素可能影响其交配与产卵行为，但该假说尚未得到证实。 本研究选取了（2R,7S）-十三烷二醇二乙酸酯（食蚜瘿蚊的性信息素）、（R）-3-羟基丁酸（三角皿蛛（Linyphia triangularis (Clerck)）的性信息素），以及二者以10:1浓度配比混合的复合信息素，通过触角电位（electroantennogram）、行为反应、繁殖力、引诱活性及蚜虫防治效果等维度，探究其对食蚜瘿蚊的综合影响。 研究结果显示，上述信息素均可引发食蚜瘿蚊的触角电位反应。具体而言，（2R,7S）-十三烷二醇二乙酸酯可显著吸引雄虫，而（R）-3-羟基丁酸可显著吸引雌虫；二者的混合制剂则可同时引诱雌雄两性。上述化合物未对食蚜瘿蚊的产卵量与寿命产生显著影响。信息素混合制剂的引诱效果显著优于对照组。混合制剂组的蚜虫数量较对照组提前1天开始下降，最终在温室试验中实现了100%的蚜虫防治效果。 本研究结果为进一步探究三角皿蛛与食蚜瘿蚊之间的相互关系提供了实验依据。本次研究的信息素混配制剂具备作为食蚜瘿蚊引诱剂的应用潜力，可用于提升温室蚜虫生物防治的效果。