Multi temperal single-cell profiling decodes cross-talk of γδ17 T cells and neutrophils in radiation pneumonitis

Radiation pneumonitis (RP) is a common and fatal complication in thoracic radiation therapy. The immune microenvironment plays an important role in the RP development. However, the full scope of radiation immune changes over time remains unclear. In this study, a murine model of RP was established, and distinct early (10 days) and late phases (100 days) were defined. We conducted single-cell RNA sequencing and related RNA-seq and proteomics to explore the underlying mechanisms of persistent inflammation during RP. By examining the immunological effects of RP over time at the single-cell level, we shed light on its dynamic immunological effects of RP over time at single-cell resolution and provided potential therapeutic targets for clinical interventions. C57BL/6N female mices were analysed after being treated either with a single dose of 20 Gy of 9 MeV electron-ray or with no treatment from 10 days or 100 days post-radiation.放射性肺炎（Radiation Pneumonitis, RP）是胸部放射治疗中常见且可致命的并发症。免疫微环境在RP的发生发展中发挥重要作用。然而，放射诱导的免疫变化随时间推移的完整图谱仍未明确。本研究构建了RP小鼠模型，明确界定了早期（放疗后10天）与晚期（放疗后100天）两个阶段。我们通过单细胞RNA测序（single-cell RNA sequencing）、相关RNA测序（RNA-seq）及蛋白质组学（proteomics）分析，探究了RP进程中持续性炎症的潜在分子机制。通过在单细胞层面解析RP随时间变化的免疫学效应，本研究阐明了RP在单细胞分辨率下的动态免疫学特征，并为临床干预提供了潜在治疗靶点。本研究对经单次20Gy剂量9MeV电子射线照射或未接受照射的C57BL/6N品系雌性小鼠，分别于放疗后10天及100天进行样本分析。