METROMOV - Metropolitan Governance for sustainable mobility

The database is one of the results of the project "METROMOV - Metropolitan Governance for Sustainable Mobility" (2024-27), funded by the National R&D Plan 2023 of the Ministry of Science and Innovation (PID2023-147260NB-I00. Directed by Mariona Tomàs and Marc Martí-Costa, the project wants to understand the building and definition of models of metropolitan governance of mobility in Spain. There is no comprehensive work based on a common methodology that address this topic, this is why the METROMOV project seeks to cover this gap in the literature and the research.

The first specific goal of the project was to create a thematic database of metropolitan institutions in Spain related to mobility issues, including hard forms like metropolitan governments, metropolitan sectorial agencies and consortiums as well as soft forms as metropolitan strategic plans. The database provides an updated and rigorous portrait of the institutional thickness of urban agglomerations, gathering up to 77 metropolitan cooperation instruments in the Spanish functional areas that deal with sustainable mobility at metropolitan scale. In other words, it is a picture of the institutional reality of Spanish urban agglomerations. This database provides precious information about the model of metropolitan governance, the municipalities involved and the sectors with most and less institutionalization.

As in Spain there is not an official or statistical definition of metropolitan areas, the project departed from the concept of Functional Urban Areas (FUA), considered as “densely inhabited city and a less densely populated commuting zone whose labour market is highly integrated with the city” (Eurostat). According to this definition, the commuting zone contains the surrounding travel-to-work areas of a city where at least 15 % of employed residents are working in a city. In the case of Spain, we find 47 big FUA in 2024, where the central city has more than 100.000 inhabitants. The database was structured considering these 47 Spanish FUAs, and it was necessary that at least 3 municipalities participated in the metropolitan cooperation tools.

In the grid, you will find the 77 instruments of metropolitan cooperation following different criteria. First of all, the models of metropolitan governance, from hard to soft: metropolitan government, metropolitan sectoral agency, “mancomunidad”, consortium, public or public-private company, territorial plan, sectoral plan, association of municipalities, strategic plan. Other complementary information is added, such as: the year of creation; number and names of municipalities that are part of the entity; percentage of territory covered by this tool, etc.

The database is published in open access to ensure transparency, replicability, and future updating. The first version is published in the original language (Spanish).

本数据库为“METROMOV——可持续交通都市治理（Metropolitan Governance for Sustainable Mobility）”项目（项目编号：2024-27）的研究成果之一，该项目由西班牙科学与创新部国家研发计划2023（PID2023-147260NB-I00）资助，由Mariona Tomàs与Marc Martí-Costa主持。项目旨在探究西班牙都市交通治理模式的构建与界定。目前尚无基于统一方法论针对该主题的系统性研究成果，因此METROMOV项目旨在填补该领域的文献与研究空白。

项目的首要具体目标为构建西班牙与交通议题相关的都市治理机构主题数据库，涵盖两类治理形态：其一为硬性治理主体，包括都市政府、都市行业主管机构及联合组织；其二为软性治理载体，如都市战略规划。本数据库收录了西班牙功能都市区内共计77项用于推进都市尺度可持续交通的合作工具，可精准且动态地展现都市集群的制度厚度。简言之，本数据库完整呈现了西班牙都市集群的制度现实，并可提供有关都市治理模式、参与市镇以及制度化程度高低的领域的珍贵信息。

由于西班牙尚未出台官方或统计层面的都市区域定义，本项目采用了功能都市区（Functional Urban Areas, FUA）的概念——该概念由欧盟统计局（Eurostat）定义为“人口稠密的核心城市，以及与该城市劳动力市场高度一体化的低密度通勤区域”。根据此定义，通勤区域包含城市周边的职住通勤区，其中至少15%的就业居民在核心城市务工。截至2024年，西班牙共计47个核心城市人口超10万的大型功能都市区。本数据库的结构即基于这47个西班牙功能都市区构建，且纳入的都市合作工具需至少有3个市镇参与。

在数据库表格中，可依据多类标准检索这77项都市合作工具。首要分类维度为都市治理模式的软硬梯度：从硬性到软性依次涵盖都市政府、都市行业主管机构、mancomunidad、联合组织、公共或公私合营企业、空间规划、行业规划、市镇协会、战略规划。数据库同时收录补充信息，包括工具的创建年份、参与该治理主体的市镇数量与名称、该工具覆盖的领土占比等。

本数据库以开放获取的形式发布，以保障研究的透明度、可重复性及未来迭代更新。首个版本以原始语言（西班牙语）发布。