青藏高原及周边山区历史洪水灾害分布数据集（1950-2023）

本数据集为青藏高原及周边山区历史洪灾事件的综合数据集，时间跨度为1950年至2023年，共记录了1015起洪灾事件。数据覆盖青藏高原、横断山、喜马拉雅山、兴都库什、喀喇-昆仑山、帕米尔高原、天山及祁连山等区域。共分为四类洪灾事件，包括降雨型洪水（PFs）261起、融雪型洪水（SFs）220起、冰湖溃决型洪水（GLOFs）427起、滑坡堰塞湖溃决型洪水（LLOFs）107起。数据收集整理自国际权威公开洪灾数据库（如Dartmouth洪水观测站DFO、紧急灾难数据库EM-DAT），已发表的学术文献、《中国人民共和国新疆水文年鉴》，以及权威媒体报道等。数据属性涵盖了洪水发生地点的经纬度、发生时间、影响人数、经济损失、持续时间及形成原因等关键信息。我们对收集到的数据进行了清洗、验证和补充，形成一份完整的洪灾数据集。该数据集可为深入理解和应对青藏高原及其周边山区的洪水风险提供重要数据支撑，同时可为相关研究及灾害管理决策提供科学依据。

This is a comprehensive dataset of historical flood events in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its surrounding mountainous regions, spanning the period from 1950 to 2023, with a total of 1015 recorded flood incidents. The dataset covers regions including the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Hengduan Mountains, Himalayas, Hindu Kush, Karakoram-Kunlun Mountains, Pamir Plateau, Tianshan Mountains and Qilian Mountains. It is categorized into four types of flood events: 261 rainfall-triggered floods (PFs), 220 snowmelt-induced floods (SFs), 427 glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs), and 107 landslide-dammed lake outburst floods (LLOFs). The data was collected and compiled from authoritative international open flood databases such as the Dartmouth Flood Observatory (DFO) and Emergency Events Database (EM-DAT), published academic literature, *Hydrological Yearbook of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China*, and authoritative media reports, among other sources. The dataset includes key attributes such as the longitude and latitude of the flood occurrence location, exact occurrence time, number of affected people, economic losses, event duration and flood causes. We have cleaned, verified and supplemented the collected data to develop this complete historical flood disaster dataset. This dataset can provide critical data support for in-depth understanding and flood risk mitigation in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its surrounding mountainous areas, and offer scientific foundations for relevant academic research and disaster management decision-making.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集是青藏高原及周边山区1950年至2023年历史洪水灾害的综合记录，共包含1015起事件，覆盖降雨型、融雪型、冰湖溃决型和滑坡堰塞湖溃决型四类洪水。数据来源于权威数据库、文献和媒体报道，经过清洗验证，提供了经纬度、时间、影响人数等关键属性，空间分辨率在100米至1公里之间，旨在支持洪水风险研究和灾害管理决策。