Replication Data for: Ecological consequences of invasion across the freshwater-marine transition in a warming world

This data set contains incubations with sediment cores to assess the sediment reworking and nutrient release from sediment to the water column, mediated by different sizes of the invasive species Corbicula fluminea, along the freshwater-marine transition. Sediment and individuals of Corbicula fluminea were collected in the oligohaline upper reaches of the Mondego Estuary, Portugal (40° 9'47.91"N, 8°40'12.42"W) from a tidally influenced location. A laboratorial experiment was run for 6 days and included all possible permutations of three different size classes of Corbicula fluminea, with fixed biomass achieved through density adjustment (18.79 ± 0.94 g aquaria-1 wet biomass: small, measuring <1cm, ~1 year old, 13 ind. aquaria-1 (= 902 ind m-2); medium 2-2.5 cm, ~ 2 years old, 2 ind. aquaria-1 (= 138 ind. m-2); large > 3 cm, > 3 years old, 1 ind. aquaria-1 (= 69 ind m-2) at levels representative of the population at study site. These size classes were crossed with two levels of salinity (freshwater, 0, and oligohaline, 5) and two levels of temperature (24ºC and 30ºC) in glass aquaria (12 x 12 x 35 cm, internal dimensions). Each aquaria contained sediment ~10 cm depth overlain with water to 30 cm depth. Temperature approximated summer water temperatures at the study site (24oC), or extreme heat-wave conditions (30oC). Treatments representative of the natural habitat for C. fluminea (salinity, 0) contrasted to treatments (salinity, 5) representing either the estuarine gradient (e.g. 4.6 ± 3.1 in the mesohaline areas during flood events) or areas of the estuary prone to drought events. All aquaria were continually aerated and maintained under natural daylight conditions for a period of 6 days. Salinity, temperature, pH and oxygen levels (O2) were measured at the beginning and at the end of the experiment. The extent of particle reworking – the passive and active displacement of sediment particles by the activity of macrofaunal organisms - was measured non-invasively using fluorescent sediment profile imaging (f-SPI) After 6 days, water column nutrient concentrations (NH3-N, NO3-N, PO4-P) as well information on particle reworking (mean (Lummean), median (Lummedian) and maximum (Lummax) mixed depth of particle redistribution, and surface boundary roughness (SBR)) were assessed, which are included in the present dataset. The data were collected as part of the Biochanged project (PTDC/MAR/111901/2009) Supported by FCT (Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology), subsidized by the European Social Fund and MCTES (Portuguese Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education), through the POPH (Human Potential Operational Programme), QREN (National Strategic Reference Framework) and COMPETE (Programa Operacional Factores de Competitividade).

本数据集涵盖以沉积物岩芯开展的培养实验，旨在评估不同体型入侵物种河蚬（Corbicula fluminea）介导的沉积物生物扰动及沉积物向水体的营养盐释放过程，实验设置于淡水-海洋过渡带。沉积物与河蚬样本采集自葡萄牙蒙德戈河口（Mondego Estuary）的寡盐淡水上游河段（坐标：40°9'47.91"N，8°40'12.42"W）一处受潮汐影响的点位。
室内实验周期为6天，设置了河蚬3个体型等级的全部排列组合，通过调整密度固定单位水族箱的湿重生物量（18.79±0.94g·水族箱⁻¹）：小型个体（体长<1cm，约1龄，13只·水族箱⁻¹，对应种群密度902只·m⁻²）、中型个体（体长2~2.5cm，约2龄，2只·水族箱⁻¹，对应密度138只·m⁻²）及大型个体（体长>3cm，龄期>3年，1只·水族箱⁻¹，对应密度69只·m⁻²），各密度均匹配研究区域的自然种群水平。
上述体型等级与两个盐度梯度（淡水，盐度0；寡盐淡水，盐度5）、两个温度梯度（24℃与30℃）在内部尺寸为12×12×35cm的玻璃水族箱中开展全因子交叉实验。每个水族箱铺设约10cm厚的沉积物，上方覆水至30cm深度。实验温度分别模拟研究区域夏季自然水温（24℃）与极端热浪条件（30℃）。
本实验以河蚬自然栖息地盐度（0）的处理组为对照，与代表河口梯度（如洪水事件时中盐度河口区盐度为4.6±3.1）或易发生干旱的河口区域的盐度5处理组进行对比。所有水族箱持续曝气，并置于自然光照条件下，实验全程共计6天。
实验开始与结束时均测定水体盐度、温度、pH值与溶解氧（O₂）水平。沉积物生物扰动程度——即大型底栖生物活动导致的沉积物颗粒被动与主动位移——采用荧光沉积物剖面成像（fluorescent sediment profile imaging, f-SPI）技术进行非侵入式测定。
培养6天后，测定水体营养盐浓度（NH₃-N、NO₃-N、PO₄-P），同时获取沉积物扰动相关指标：颗粒再混合的平均混合深度（Lummean）、中位混合深度（Lummedian）与最大混合深度（Lummax），以及界面粗糙度（SBR），上述数据均包含于本数据集。
本数据为Biochanged项目（PTDC/MAR/111901/2009）的研究成果，由葡萄牙科学技术基金会（FCT）资助，通过欧洲社会基金及葡萄牙科学、技术与高等教育部（MCTES）依托人口潜力行动计划（POPH）、国家战略参考框架（QREN）与竞争力要素行动计划（COMPETE）提供支持。