Factors Associated with Quality of Life in Patients with Systemic Arterial Hypertension

Abstract Background Hypertensive patients present, in addition to worse cardiovascular health, lower health-related quality of life compared to normotensive subjects. Factors such as functional capacity, functional status, pain, participation in social activities, mental and emotional health, fatigue and energy level, along with perception of general health, seem to be relevant for evaluation in this population. However, evidence is unclear in hypertensive patients. Objective To analyze the factors associated with quality of life in hypertensive patients. Methods Forty-five patients were recruited. The dependent variables of the present study are the quality of life domains. Demographic data and clinical conditions were considered independent variables. The Medical Outcomes Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaire was used to measure quality of life. Handgrip strength, blood pressure and anthropometric indicators were evaluated. Crude and adjusted linear regression analysis was used. Results It was verified that education level, body mass index and muscle strength were associated with the functional capacity domain (p < 0,05), whereas systolic blood pressure was associated with the physical domain (p < 0,05). Women presented lower quality of life on the pain domain compared to men and educational level was associated with the social domain (p < 0,05). Conclusion Hypertensive patients with lower levels of body mass index, higher levels of education and muscle strength presented a better quality of life on the physical domain, while the social aspects presented a positive relationship with education level. Women presented a worse quality of life on the pain domain compared to men. (Int J Cardiovasc Sci. 2020; 33(2):133-142)

摘要 背景：与血压正常人群相比，高血压患者不仅心血管健康状况更差，其健康相关生活质量也更低。功能储备、功能状态、疼痛程度、社会活动参与度、心理与情绪健康、疲劳与精力水平，以及总体健康感知等因素，似乎均对该人群的临床评估具有重要意义，但目前针对高血压患者的相关研究证据尚不明确。
研究目的：分析与高血压患者生活质量相关的影响因素。
研究方法：本研究共纳入45例患者。本研究的因变量为生活质量各维度，自变量为人口学资料与临床病症。采用医学结局研究简表健康调查问卷（Medical Outcomes Short-Form Health Survey, SF-36）评估患者的生活质量，并检测握力、血压及人体测量学指标。研究采用粗线性回归与校正后线性回归分析方法。
研究结果：分析显示，受教育水平、体质量指数与肌肉力量和功能储备维度显著相关（p < 0.05）；收缩压与生理功能维度显著相关（p < 0.05）。女性患者的疼痛维度生活质量评分低于男性，且受教育水平与社会功能维度显著相关（p < 0.05）。
研究结论：体质量指数更低、受教育水平与肌肉力量更高的高血压患者，其生理功能维度的生活质量更佳；社会功能维度与受教育水平呈正相关。女性患者的疼痛维度生活质量评分低于男性。
（《国际心血管科学杂志》2020；33(2):133-142）