The relationship between self-enhancement & self-transcendence personal values and strategist & integrator mindset characteristics of responsible leadership

Responsible leadership emerged out of
ethical leadership and its definition has evolved over the years. The initial
definition of responsible leadership was constructed from an ethical leadership
paradigm. A new proposed definition has emerged that proposes that responsible
leadership is not a leadership style but rather an integrator or a strategist
mindset. The integrator mindset is aligned to the stakeholder’s theory and
therefore is inclined to favour stakeholders opposed to shareholder’s needs;
while the strategist adopts an economic perspective of an organisation and prefers
to prioritise shareholders’ needs compared to stakeholders’ needs.

Various drivers affect the behaviour
of responsible leadership. Macro drivers such as the national culture, the type
of economy of the country and the type of industry have an impact on the
behaviour of responsible leaders. The mining industry is a controversial
industry; that is dependent on natural resources and mining operations can have
a negative impact on the surrounding society and the environment. Meso drivers
such as organisational policies and programmes can have in impact on
responsible leadership. Micro drivers such as personal values have an impact on
the behaviour responsible leaders exhibit. The self-enhancement personal value
dimension consists of power and achievement, while self-transcendence consists
of universalism and benevolence. Individuals with self-enhancement will focus
on achievement and gaining power over resources, while individuals with self-transcendence
focus on being benevolent and being universalists.

This study investigated the
relationship between personal values; namely self-enhancement and
self-transcendence with the two responsible leadership mindsets being
strategist and integrator. This study adopted the hypothesis that individuals
with self-enhancement personal values will prefer to adopt a strategist mindset
while individuals with self-transcendence will adopt an integrator mindset.

This study was conducted in the
mining industry and within an emerging economy, South Africa. This was a
quantitative study and therefore, a questionnaire was compiled, and responses
was solicited to the various management groups within the mining industry for
subsequent statistical evaluation. This study found that a positive
relationship exists between self-enhancement and strategist. Similarly, a
positive relationship has been established between self-transcendence and the
integrator mindset.

负责任领导力的产生源于伦理领导力，其定义历经岁月变迁。负责任领导力的初始定义源自伦理领导力范式。一种新的定义被提出，该定义认为负责任领导力并非一种领导风格，而是一种整合者或战略家思维模式。整合者思维模式与利益相关者理论相契合，因此倾向于优先考虑利益相关者的需求而非股东的需求；而战略家则从组织的经济视角出发，更倾向于优先考虑股东的需求相对于利益相关者的需求。

影响负责任领导力行为的因素多种多样。宏观因素，如国家文化、国家经济类型以及行业类型，对负责任领导者的行为产生着影响。采矿行业是一个备受争议的行业；它依赖于自然资源，而采矿活动可能对周围的社会和环境产生负面影响。中观因素，如组织政策和项目，对负责任领导力产生影响。微观因素，如个人价值观，对负责任领导者展现的行为产生影响。自我提升的个人价值观维度包括权力和成就，而自我超越则包括普遍主义和仁慈。具有自我提升价值观的个人将专注于成就和获取对资源的控制权，而具有自我超越价值观的个人则专注于仁慈和普遍主义。

本研究探讨了个人价值观，即自我提升和自我超越，与两种负责任领导力思维模式——战略家和整合者——之间的关系。本研究提出了假设，即具有自我提升价值观的个人更倾向于采用战略家思维模式，而具有自我超越价值观的个人则更倾向于采用整合者思维模式。

本研究在采矿行业和新兴经济体南非进行。这是一项定量研究，因此编制了问卷，并征求了采矿行业内各个管理群体的反馈，以进行后续的统计分析。本研究发现，自我提升与战略家思维模式之间存在正相关关系。同样，自我超越与整合者思维模式之间也建立了正相关关系。