A dataset from a long-term fertilization experiment in alpine meadows on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

This dataset is derived from long-term fertilization experiments conducted at the Walaka experimental site on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, encompassing two complementary studies. The primary experiment, established in March 2000, includes five (NH₄)₂HPO₄ fertilization levels (F0–F120) with four replicates each, transitioning to recovery treatments (R0–R120) post-2015. A supplementary P addition experiment (2019–2022) with six P₂O₅ levels (P0–P10) and six replicates was added to assess N-related effects.  Sampling occurred in September 2010, 2021, and 2022, focusing on soil and vegetation responses. Key data include soil physicochemical properties, gross nitrification rates, gross mineralization rates, nitrous oxide emissions, and nitrifying microbial communities (e.g., AOA, AOB, CladeA, CladeB). Plant biomass (shoot and root) and nutrient concentrations were measured via quadrat sampling and drying. All data reflect responses to long-term fertilization and recovery dynamics, supporting analyses of nutrient cycling and microbial ecological processes in alpine meadows.

本数据集源自青藏高原瓦卡（Walaka）试验站的长期施肥试验，包含两项互补性研究。主试验于2000年3月启动，设置5个磷酸氢二铵[(NH₄)₂HPO₄]施肥梯度（F0–F120），每个梯度设置4次生物学重复，2015年后转入恢复处理阶段（R0–R120）。补充性磷添加试验于2019–2022年开展，设置6个五氧化二磷（P₂O₅）梯度（P0–P10），共6次生物学重复，用于评估氮素相关效应。研究分别于2010年9月、2021年9月及2022年9月开展采样，重点关注土壤与植被的响应特征。核心数据涵盖土壤理化性质、总硝化速率、总矿化速率、一氧化二氮（nitrous oxide）排放以及硝化微生物群落（如氨氧化古菌（AOA）、氨氧化细菌（AOB）、进化枝A（CladeA）、进化枝B（CladeB））。通过样方采样与烘干法测定了植物地上、地下生物量及其养分浓度。所有数据均反映长期施肥与恢复动态下的响应特征，可为高寒草甸的养分循环及微生物生态过程分析提供数据支撑。