Overall summary estimates of effect for the associations between telomere length (TL) at times 1 and 2 and physical performance (PP) at times 1 and 2 from random effects meta-analyses.

n = Sample size in age and sex adjusted analyses;
*Number of studies in analyses;
**T1 and T2 are telomere lengths at times 1 and 2 respectively. PP1 and PP2 are physical performance measures at times 1 and 2 respectively.
††Walking speed includes TUG measures in CaPS and NSHD. T2T1 is telomere length at time 2 conditional on telomere length at time 1 and is a measure of change in telomere length given the initial level. ΔPP is conditional change in physical performance between time 1 and time 2;
†Mean difference in standardised walking speed; Mean difference in standardised chair rise speed; Odds Ratio of poor balance (lowest 20%). For change in balance in NSHD an ordinal group was created for balance from time 1 to time 2 where good balance was balancing ≥5 s and poor balance for <5 s. Here good-good is the baseline group (0) (including poor-good balance), good-poor (1) and poor-poor (2); Mean difference in grip strength;
‡P-value is obtained from the heterogeneity χ2;
‡‡Fully adjusted model is for age, sex, BMI, smoking status, SEP and health status; Telomere length measures at times 1 and 2 have been z-scored. Random effects meta-analyses were undertaken.

n = 年龄与性别校正分析中的样本量；
* 本次分析纳入的研究数量；
** T1、T2分别为时间1与时间2的端粒长度（telomere length）；PP1、PP2分别为时间1与时间2的身体机能测量指标。
†† 步行速度指标包含CaPS与NSHD研究中的计时起立行走（Timed Up and Go, TUG）测试结果。T2T1指以时间1端粒长度为条件的时间2端粒长度，用于衡量初始水平下的端粒长度变化量；ΔPP为时间1至时间2身体机能的条件变化量。
† 标准化步行速度的均值差、标准化起坐速度的均值差；平衡能力较差（后20%人群）的优势比。针对NSHD研究中的平衡能力变化，我们根据时间1至时间2的平衡表现构建了有序分组：平衡时长≥5秒记为良好平衡，<5秒记为较差平衡。其中“良好-良好”为基线组（编码为0，包含“较差-良好”组），“良好-较差”编码为1，“较差-较差”编码为2；握力的均值差。
‡ P值来自异质性χ²检验；
‡‡ 全校正模型纳入年龄、性别、体质量指数（BMI）、吸烟状态、社会经济地位（Socioeconomic Position, SEP）与健康状况作为协变量；时间1与时间2的端粒长度测量值已完成Z分数标准化处理。本研究采用随机效应模型开展元分析。