Twelve Step Based Self-help Groups for Substance Related Disorders, 2010

The Twelve Step groups are the most available and widespread self-help groups for patients with alcohol or drug related disorders. In a public health perspective, self-help groups (SHGs) may be considered as a complementary form of care that could supplement professional help and provide aftercare once professional treatment has ended. There is a need to investigate if international findings and procedures concerning referrals from health services to Twelve Step Groups (TSGs) can be replicated and accommodated to a cultural setting which is unfamiliar with these groups. There is also a particular need in the Norwegian treatment system to develop alternative treatment strategies for patients undergoing detoxification to improve their chances of long-term recovery, due to deficient formal follow-up alternatives. A RCT-study was carried out. Patients who entered a detoxification treatment ward was assigned to either a standard (brief advice) or intensive referral condition (motivational sessions and contact with TSG volunteers) to TSGs. Patients were followed at 6 months to determine whether intensive referral resulted in more TSG attendance, and if this mediated less substance use and better functioning.

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十二步互助小组（Twelve Step Groups, TSGs）是当前针对酒精或药物相关障碍患者最易获取、传播最广泛的自助互助组织。从公共卫生视角来看，自助互助小组（Self-Help Groups, SHGs）可被视为一种补充性照护形式，能够弥补专业照护的缺口，并在专业治疗结束后提供后续跟进服务。当前亟需探究：有关医疗服务机构转介患者至十二步互助小组的国际研究结论与操作流程，是否可在对这类互助组织较为陌生的文化环境中实现复制与适配。此外，鉴于挪威治疗体系中正规后续跟进方案的匮乏，该国亟需为正在接受脱毒治疗的患者开发替代性治疗策略，以提升其长期康复的概率。
本研究实施了一项随机对照试验（Randomized Controlled Trial, RCT）：将进入脱毒治疗病房的患者随机分配至两组，一组接受标准干预（简短建议），另一组接受强化转介干预（包含动机访谈及与十二步互助小组志愿者的接触）。
研究对患者开展了6个月的随访，以验证强化转介是否能提升患者参与十二步互助小组的频率，以及该干预是否可介导更少的物质使用与更优的社会功能。
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