APPROACH TO DEVELOPING CONFIGURABLE IOT DEVICES USING THE MQTT PROTOCOL BASED ON THE ESP8266 SOC.

This article proposes an approach for developing configurable Internet of Things (IoT) end devices based on the ESP8266 SoC system. The MQTT protocol was used to ensure efficient communication between the devices, the control server, and the data collection system. This protocol enables efficient use of network resources and allows logical and hierarchical management of IoT devices. The proposed architecture is based on open-source software, including the OpenHAB platform, the Eclipse Mosquitto MQTT broker, and the MQTT communication protocol. Using application templates, it is possible to create smart lamps, motorized curtains, illumination and gas composition sensors (CO₂, CH₄), as well as temperature, pressure, and humidity sensors. The message processing speed of the developed devices was measured, and a unified testing platform was designed. The results demonstrated that the proposed approach makes it possible to develop IoT devices within a short period of time, support a large number of external devices, and provide satisfactory operational performance.本文提出了一种基于ESP8266片上系统（System on Chip，SoC）开发可配置物联网（Internet of Things，IoT）终端设备的方案。该方案采用MQTT协议，以实现终端设备、控制服务器与数据采集系统之间的高效通信。该协议可高效利用网络资源，并支持对IoT设备进行逻辑化、层级化管理。所提出的架构基于开源软件，涵盖OpenHAB平台、Eclipse Mosquitto MQTT消息代理以及MQTT通信协议。借助应用模板，可快速搭建智能灯具、电动窗帘、光照与气体成分传感器（CO₂、CH₄），以及温度、压力与湿度传感器。本研究对所开发设备的消息处理速度进行了测试，并搭建了统一的测试平台。测试结果表明，所提方案可在短周期内完成IoT设备开发，支持海量外接设备，并可提供令人满意的运行性能。