Early induction of orthotropic shoots in Coffea canephora

ABSTRACT In Coffea canephora, the number of orthotropic shoots is directly related to plant yield. The objective of this study was to evaluate the vegetative and yield performance of Coffea canephora, from the botanical variety Conilon, under different management systems for early emission of orthotropic shoots. The experiment was carried out in Ouro Preto do Oeste, Rondônia, between November 2011 and May 2014. Three types of management techniques were tested for early induction of orthotropic shoots in coffee trees (T1 = bending of the orthotropic shoot; T2 = apical pruning of the orthotropic shoot, T3 = free growing). The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with 20 replicates. Each block consisted of a clonal genotype (clone) from the Embrapa Coffee Breeding Program. The techniques pruning and apical pruning were efficient to induce early growth of orthotropic shoots in Coffea canephora, resulting in higher yield in the first commercial bean production.

摘要
在刚果咖啡（Coffea canephora）中，直立枝（orthotropic shoots）数量与植株产量直接相关。本研究旨在评估源自Conilon植物学变种的刚果咖啡在不同管理措施下的营养生长与产量表现，以促进直立枝早发。试验于2011年11月至2014年5月间，在巴西朗多尼亚州欧罗普雷图杜奥斯特（Ouro Preto do Oeste）开展。本试验针对咖啡树直立枝早发诱导设置了3种管理技术：T1为直立枝弯折法，T2为直立枝顶端修剪法，T3为放任生长法。试验采用随机区组设计（randomized block design），共设置20次重复，每个区组对应1个源自巴西农业研究公司（Embrapa）咖啡育种项目的无性系基因型（克隆株系）。研究结果表明，弯折与顶端修剪技术可有效诱导刚果咖啡直立枝早发，使其首次商品咖啡豆生产获得更高产量。