Antarctic Soil Microbiome Targeted Locus. soil metagenome

High-throughput pyrosequencing analysis of amplified 16S rRNA genes from soil samples from the most prominent plant communities and soil types collected in ice-free areas of Keller Peninsula, King George Island, Antarctica. The Antarctic soil metagenome is part of a larger project from the National Institutes of Science and Technology - Antarctic Environmental Research (abbreviated as INCT-APA in Brazilian Portuguese). The Institute was created by the Brazilian Ministry of Science and Technology (Minist rio de Ci ncia e Tecnologia (MCT) in search of excellence in scientific activities at an international level in strategic areas defined by the Action Plan 2007-2010 of the Science Programme, Technology and Innovation for Antarctica, by means of programmes and instruments made operational by CNPq and by FAPERJ (Research support Foundations at different levels). The referred initiative has the view to implement a network of atmospheric, oceanic and cryospheric monitoring, in the Antarctic region. More details about the Institute and its objectives can be found at http://www.biologia.ufrj.br/inct-antartico/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/APA.pdf Specifically, the Antarctic metagenome project aims to obtain a detailed baseline description of the soil bacterial communities found in the Antarctic soils against which to compare changes in the Antarctic microbiome caused by climate changes or human activities. In addition, using Antarctica as a simple ecosystem model with low or no human influence, to determine the major factors responsible for the overall patterns of soil microbial diversity in Antarctica.

本数据集针对采集自南极乔治王岛凯勒半岛无冰区域的、覆盖当地优势植物群落与典型土壤类型的土壤样本，对其扩增得到的16S rRNA基因进行高通量焦磷酸测序分析。本次产出的南极土壤宏基因组（metagenome）隶属于巴西科学技术国家研究所——南极环境研究项目（巴西葡萄牙语缩写为INCT-APA）的子项目。该研究所由巴西科学技术部（Ministério de Ciência e Tecnologia，简称MCT）设立，旨在依托巴西国家科学技术发展委员会（CNPq）与里约热内卢州研究支持基金会（FAPERJ，即不同层级的科研资助机构）的项目及运营工具，在《南极科学、技术与创新计划2007-2010行动纲领》划定的战略领域内，推动具备国际水准的顶尖科研活动。本倡议的核心目标为构建南极区域大气、海洋与冰冻圈监测网络。有关该研究所及其宗旨的详细信息可查阅链接：http://www.biologia.ufrj.br/inct-antartico/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/APA.pdf。具体而言，本南极宏基因组项目旨在详尽刻画南极土壤细菌群落的本底特征，以此作为参照基准，对比气候变化或人类活动引发的南极微生物组（microbiome）变化；此外，本项目将南极作为受人类影响极微或完全未受干扰的极简生态系统模型，用以解析驱动南极土壤微生物多样性整体分布格局的核心调控因子。