Supplementary Material for: Fatigue-related changes of daily function: most promising measures for the digital age

Background: Fatigue is a prominent symptom in many diseases, and is strongly associated with impaired daily function. The measurement of daily function is currently almost always done with questionnaires, which are subjective and imprecise. With the recent advances of digital wearable technologies, novel approaches to evaluate daily function quantitatively and objectively in real life conditions are increasingly possible. This also creates new possibilities to measure fatigue-related changes of daily function using such technologies.
Summary: This review examines in immune-mediated inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases, which parameters may have the greatest potential to reflect fatigue-related changes of daily function.
Key Messages: Results of a standardized analysis of the literature reporting about perception-, capacity- and performance-evaluating assessment tools indicate that changes of the following parameters: physical activity, independence of daily living, social participation, working life, mental status, cognitive and aerobic capacity, and supervised and unsupervised mobility performance have the highest potential to reflect fatigue-related changes of daily function. These parameters thus hold the greatest potential for quantitatively measuring fatigue in representative diseases in real life conditions, e.g. with digital wearable technologies. Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, this is a new approach to analysing evidence for the design of performance-based digital assessment protocols in human research, which may stimulate further systematic research in this area.

研究背景：疲劳是诸多疾病的常见显著症状，且与日常功能受损密切相关。当前日常功能的评估几乎均采用问卷形式，此类方法主观性强且精度不足。近年来随着数字可穿戴技术（digital wearable technologies）的快速发展，在真实生活场景中定量、客观评估日常功能的新方法逐渐成为可能，这也为利用此类技术测量与疲劳相关的日常功能变化提供了全新途径。
综述摘要：本综述聚焦免疫介导性炎症疾病与神经退行性疾病，探究哪些参数最具潜力反映与疲劳相关的日常功能变化。
核心结论：针对感知评估、功能容量评估及表现评估类工具的标准化文献分析结果显示，以下参数的变化最具潜力反映与疲劳相关的日常功能变化：身体活动量、日常生活自理能力、社会参与度、工作状态、精神状态、认知与有氧代谢能力，以及有监督与无监督的移动表现。因此，上述参数最具潜力在真实生活场景中（例如借助数字可穿戴技术）定量评估代表性疾病中的疲劳程度。此外，据我们所知，本研究首次采用此类方法分析人类研究中基于表现的数字评估方案设计的相关证据，有望推动该领域的进一步系统性研究。