Data Sheet 1_Prevalence and risk factors for long COVID among cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.docx

ObjectiveThe prevalence of long COVID among cancer patients remains unknown. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of long COVID and explore potential risk factors among cancer patients.
MethodsA systematic search was performed on PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase from database inception until 21 March 2024, to identify studies that reported long COVID in cancer patients. Two investigators independently screened the studies and extracted all information about long COVID in cancer patients for subsequent analysis. Methodological quality was assessed using the “Joannagen Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data”.
ResultsA total of 13 studies involving 6,653 patients were included. The pooled prevalence of long COVID was 23.52% [95% confidence interval (CI), 12.14% to 40.64%] among cancer patients reported experiencing long COVID after acute severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The pooled prevalence of any long COVID in cancer patients was 20.51% (95% CI, 15.91% to 26.03%), 15.79% (95% CI, 11.39% to 21.47%), and 12.54% (95% CI, 6.38% to 23.18%) in 3, 6, and 12 months follow-up duration. Fatigue was the most common symptom, followed by respiratory symptoms, myalgia, and sleep disturbance. Patients with comorbidities had a significantly higher risk of experiencing long COVID [odds ratio (OR) = 1.72; 95% CI, 1.09 to 2.70; p = 0.019]. No statistically significant differences in sex, primary tumor, or tumor stage were detected.
ConclusionNearly a quarter of cancer patients will experience long COVID after surviving from SARS-CoV-2 infection, and this would even last for 1 year or longer. Fatigue, respiratory symptoms, myalgia, and sleep disturbance need to be more addressed and managed to reduce symptom burden on cancer patients and improve quality of life. Patients with comorbidities are at a high risk of developing long COVID. Further randomized controlled trials with rigorous methodological designs and large sample sizes are needed for future validation.
Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42023456665.

【研究目的】癌症患者群体中长新冠（long COVID）的患病率仍不明确。本研究旨在明确癌症患者的长新冠患病率，并探讨其潜在危险因素。

【研究方法】本研究于数据库建库至2024年3月21日期间，在PubMed、Web of Science及Embase数据库中开展系统性检索，筛选报道癌症患者长新冠相关研究。由2名研究者独立筛选文献并提取癌症患者长新冠的全部相关信息，用于后续分析。采用《乔安纳根·布里格斯研究所患病率数据研究关键评价清单》（Joannagen Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data）评估纳入研究的方法学质量。

【研究结果】本研究共纳入13项研究，涉及6653例患者。在急性严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2）感染后出现长新冠的癌症患者中，合并患病率为23.52%[95%置信区间（confidence interval, CI）：12.14%~40.64%]。癌症患者各类长新冠的合并患病率分别为：随访时长3个月时20.51%（95%CI：15.91%~26.03%）、6个月时15.79%（95%CI：11.39%~21.47%）、12个月时12.54%（95%CI：6.38%~23.18%）。疲劳为最常见症状，其次为呼吸系统症状、肌痛及睡眠障碍。合并基础疾病的患者发生长新冠的风险显著升高[比值比（odds ratio, OR）=1.72；95%CI：1.09~2.70；p=0.019]。未发现患者性别、原发肿瘤类型或肿瘤分期存在统计学差异。

【研究结论】约四分之一的癌症患者在感染严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2后可出现长新冠，且该症状可持续1年及以上。疲劳、呼吸系统症状、肌痛及睡眠障碍需得到更多关注与干预，以减轻癌症患者的症状负担并改善其生活质量。合并基础疾病的患者长新冠发病风险较高。未来需开展方法学设计严谨、大样本量的随机对照试验以进一步验证上述结果。

【系统综述注册】注册平台：https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/，注册编号：CRD42023456665。