Perceptions of harm noted in study.

PurposePost-mortem brain donation affords the opportunity to characterise disease by exploring global neuropathological changes. Such opportunities are essential to progress knowledge of CNS tumours such as Glioblastoma. A comprehensive understanding of the experience of consenting to brain donation is crucial to maximising consent rates while providing patient-centred care. This review aimed to synthesise the reported facilitators and barriers according to potential donors, next-of-kin (NOK) and clinician respondents.DesignDatabase searches included Embase, Medline, PsycINFO, Psychology and Behavioural Science and Scopus. Search terms focused on motivations, attitudes and psychosocial experiences of brain donation. Exclusions included organ transplantation and brain death. All studies were assessed for quality and validity using tools from the Joanna Briggs Institute. To determine perceptions of benefit and harm, a method guided by the thematic analysis of Braun and Clarke was employed to reflexively assess and identify common themes and experiences.Results40 studies (15 qualitative, 25 quantitative) were included involving participants with paediatric cancer, neurodegenerative and psychological diseases. Perceptions of benefit included benefit to future generations, aiding scientific research, avoidance of waste, improved treatments and the belief that donation will bring consolation or aid in the grieving process. Perceptions of harm included a perceived conflict with religious beliefs, disfigurement to the donor, emotional distress at the time of autopsy and discord or objections within the family.ConclusionBrain donation can afford a sense of purpose, meaning and empowerment for donors and their loved ones. Careful strategies are required to mitigate or reduce potential harms during the consent process.【研究背景】死后大脑捐赠可通过探究全域神经病理变化，为疾病表征提供重要契机。此类契机对于推进胶质母细胞瘤（Glioblastoma）等中枢神经系统（CNS）肿瘤的相关认知至关重要。全面理解大脑捐赠同意流程中的相关体验，在提供以患者为中心的护理的同时，对于最大化捐赠同意率而言不可或缺。本综述旨在综合潜在捐赠者、近亲属（next-of-kin, NOK）以及临床受访者所报告的促进因素与阻碍因素。 【研究设计】数据库检索范围涵盖Embase、Medline、PsycINFO、心理学与行为科学数据库（Psychology and Behavioural Science）以及Scopus。检索主题聚焦于大脑捐赠的动机、态度及社会心理体验。排除标准包含器官移植与脑死亡相关研究。所有研究均采用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所（Joanna Briggs Institute）开发的专用工具进行质量与有效性评估。为明确受试者对大脑捐赠的收益与损害认知，本研究采用以布朗与克拉克（Braun and Clarke）主题分析法为指导的研究框架，开展反思性评估并识别共同主题与相关体验。 【研究结果】本综述共纳入40项相关研究，其中15项为定性研究、25项为定量研究，研究对象涵盖儿童癌症、神经退行性疾病与精神疾病患者。受试者对捐赠收益的认知包括：惠及后代、助力科学研究、避免遗体资源浪费、推动治疗手段改进，以及认为捐赠可带来慰藉或辅助丧亲哀伤疗愈的信念。对捐赠损害的认知则包括：与宗教信仰存在潜在冲突、捐赠者遗体外观受损、尸检过程中的情绪痛苦，以及家庭内部出现分歧或反对意见。 【研究结论】大脑捐赠可为捐赠者及其至亲赋予目标感、意义感与赋能感。在捐赠同意流程中，需制定细致周全的策略以缓解或降低潜在损害风险。