Shotgun sequencing of ten archaeological individuals from the archaeological site of Histria, Romania

In this study, we employed shotgun sequencing techniques to delve into the genetics of ten archaeological individuals who were interred in the Roman necropolis of Histria. Histria was a city established by Greek colonists and is located near the Black Sea and the mouth of the Danube. Our project explores various facets of their genetic makeup. First, we performed ancient DNA authentication was rigorously conducted to ensure the reliability of the genetic data. We also estimated the sex of these individuals using genomic technique, recognizing the nuances of skeletal preservation and the limitations of traditional methods. Moreover, contamination estimates were meticulously assessed to distinguish endogenous DNA from potential exogenous sources. Finally, we investigated the intricate details of population structure of this sample. This multi-faceted approach offers a holistic view of the genetic landscape of this unique archaeological cohort. Because we upload the raw fastq files, we urge researchers that use our data to perform their own filtering and quality assessments before including the data into their downstream analyses.

本研究采用霰弹枪测序（shotgun sequencing）技术，对安葬于赫斯提亚（Histria）罗马墓地的10具考古个体开展遗传学分析。赫斯提亚是由希腊殖民者建立的古城，毗邻黑海与多瑙河入海口。本项目从多个维度解析该样本的遗传构成：首先，严格开展古DNA（ancient DNA）鉴定流程，以保障遗传数据的可靠性；其次，结合骨骼保存状态的差异与传统方法的局限性，采用基因组学技术推断这批个体的性别；此外，通过细致的污染评估，区分内源性DNA（endogenous DNA）与潜在外源性DNA（exogenous DNA）来源；最后，深入解析该样本的群体遗传结构细节。这种多维度研究策略，为解析这一独特考古群体的遗传特征全貌提供了完整视角。由于本研究已上传原始FASTQ文件，我们恳请使用该数据集的研究者在将其纳入后续分析前，自行完成数据过滤与质量评估工作。