Potency of nano-antibacterial formulation from Sargassum binderi against selected human pathogenic bacteria

Seaweeds constitutes an abundant marine reserve that can be harnessed as source of new pharmaceutical agents. Sargassum binderi Sonder ex J. Agardh is a brown seaweed that is predominantly available from December to March in the Red Sea, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). In this study, three extracts were isolated using three different techniques, and were subjected to antibacterial assay. The petroleum ether extract of Sargassum binderi was more effective against selected human pathogenic bacteria than the other extracts. Therefore, further studies were focused on developing oleic acid vesicles entrapped with the petroleum ether extract of Sargassum binderi, with the aim of enhancing its penetration property. Oleic acid vesicles were prepared by entrapping petroleum ether extract of Sargassum binderi using film hydration technique. The formulated vesicles were in nanoscale, and so were termed phyto-nanovesicles (PNVs). The spectrum of antibacterial activity of PNVs showed that it is a promising formulation against S. aureus, S. pyogenes, B. subtilis, E. coli, K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa. The microbial sensitivities to the PNVs was in the order E.coli > B. subtilis > S. aureus > S. pyogenes > K. pneumoniae > P. aeruginosa. Thus, the PNV formulation possesses promising and effective antimicrobial potential against human pathogenic bacteria.

海藻是一类储量丰富的海洋资源，可被开发为新型药用物质的来源。鲍氏马尾藻（Sargassum binderi Sonder ex J. Agardh）是一种褐藻，在沙特阿拉伯王国（KSA）吉赞地区的红海海域，其主要分布期为12月至次年3月。本研究采用三种不同技术分离得到三种提取物，并对其开展抗菌活性测定。鲍氏马尾藻的石油醚提取物对所选人类致病菌的抗菌活性优于其余两种提取物。因此，后续研究聚焦于制备负载鲍氏马尾藻石油醚提取物的油酸囊泡，以提升其渗透性能。本研究采用薄膜水化法，将鲍氏马尾藻石油醚提取物负载于油酸囊泡中。所制备的囊泡粒径处于纳米尺度，故命名为植物源纳米囊泡（phyto-nanovesicles，PNVs）。植物源纳米囊泡的抗菌活性谱显示，其对金黄色葡萄球菌（S. aureus）、化脓性链球菌（S. pyogenes）、枯草芽孢杆菌（B. subtilis）、大肠杆菌（E. coli）、肺炎克雷伯菌（K. pneumoniae）及铜绿假单胞菌（P. aeruginosa）均具有良好的应用潜力。受试微生物对植物源纳米囊泡的敏感性排序为：大肠杆菌＞枯草芽孢杆菌＞金黄色葡萄球菌＞化脓性链球菌＞肺炎克雷伯菌＞铜绿假单胞菌。综上，该植物源纳米囊泡制剂对人类致病菌具备优异且高效的抗菌应用潜力。