Table 1_Transcriptome analysis reveals changes in lignin and flavonoid biosynthesis in Serendipita indica colonized Tartary buckwheat.xlsx

IntroductionTartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.), classified as a food and herbal medicinal crop, offers substantial nutritional benefits but suffers from poor yields and quality. Studies indicate that Serendipita indica positively impacts Tartary buckwheat's yield and quality, yet the underlying processes remain largely unexplored.
MethodsThis study aimed to examine the genetic transcript of Tartary buckwheat in both colonized and uncolonized S. indica.
ResultsIt was discovered that the pathway for producing phenylpropanoids in Tartary buckwheat, both in colonized and uncolonized S. indica, both in colonized and uncolonized S. indica, was found to be enriched in KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes). Genetic expression analysis of lignin and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways in colonized S. indica showed a comparison between lignin biosynthesis pathway genes in colonized S. indica and those in uncolonized S. indica in Tartary buckwheat. Research revealed a decrease in certain genes linked to lignin synthesis and an increase in others associated with flavonoid biosynthesis in both colonized and uncolonized S. indica Tartary buckwheat. Furthermore, research revealed a reduction in lignin levels in Tartary buckwheat stems and seeds both colonized and uncolonized by S. indica, in contrast to an increase in flavonoid levels in leaves and seeds of Tartary buckwheat colonized and uncolonized by the same fungi.
DiscussionFindings indicate that the process of synthesizing lignin and flavonoids could offer valuable insights into how S. indica enhances Tartary buckwheat's yield and quality.

【引言】苦荞（Tartary buckwheat，学名Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.）属于药食两用作物，具备优异的营养特性，但存在产量偏低、品质欠佳的问题。已有研究证实，印度梨形孢（Serendipita indica）可正向改善苦荞的产量与品质，但其背后的分子调控机制仍有待深入探究。
【方法】本研究旨在分析被印度梨形孢（S. indica）定殖与未被定殖的苦荞的基因转录组特征。
【结果】本研究发现，无论苦荞是否被印度梨形孢定殖，其苯丙烷类代谢通路均在京都基因与基因组百科全书（Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes，KEGG）注释中显著富集。通过对苦荞木质素与黄酮类生物合成通路的基因表达分析发现：对比被印度梨形孢定殖与未被定殖的苦荞样本，部分木质素合成相关基因的表达量出现下调，而部分黄酮类生物合成相关基因的表达量则显著上调，该表达差异在两种处理组中均存在。此外，检测结果显示，无论是否被印度梨形孢定殖，苦荞茎秆与种子中的木质素含量均有所降低；与之相对，被该真菌定殖的苦荞叶片与种子中的黄酮类物质含量明显提升。
【讨论】本研究结果表明，木质素与黄酮类的生物合成过程，可为解析印度梨形孢提升苦荞产量与品质的内在机制提供关键研究视角。