Table 1_Prevalence and unfavourable outcome of oral frailty in older adult: a systematic review and meta-analysis.docx

Background and objectiveOral frailty (OF) refers to a decline in oral function amongst older adult that often occurs alongside declines in cognitive and physical abilities. We conducted a study to determine the prevalence and unfavourable outcomes of OF in the older adult population to provide medical staff with valuable insights into the associated disease burden.
MethodsFrom inception to March 2024, we systematically searched six key electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and CINAHL to identify potential studies that reported the prevalence or unfavourable outcomes of OF amongst older adult. Studies that did not have accessible data were excluded. Two researchers worked independently to retrieve the literature, collect data, and evaluate the quality of the included studies. Data analysis was conducted using R Project 4.1.1 and Review Manager 5.3 software.
ResultsWe identified 28 studies that met the inclusion criteria, including 27,927 older adult. The pooled prevalence of OF amongst older adult was 32% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.24, 0.41). Subgroup analyses indicated that the setting, sample, design of studies, and assessment instruments influence the prevalence of OF. In addition, OF was associated with a high risk of physical frailty (odds ratio (OR) = 1.67; 95% CI: 1.38, 2.02), malnutrition (OR = 2.27; 95% CI: 1.75, 2.96), low dietary variety (OR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.15, 3.39), and social withdrawal (OR = 1.42; 95% CI: 1.18, 1.71).
ConclusionThis systematic review and meta-analysis revealed that OF is prevalent amongst older adult. OF may affect the prognosis of older adult and thus necessitates comprehensive assessment and management as part of an integrated approach.
Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=537884.

背景与目的
口腔衰弱（Oral frailty, OF）指老年人群的口腔功能下降，常伴随认知与躯体功能衰退。本研究旨在明确老年人群中口腔衰弱的患病率及不良结局，为医务工作者提供相关疾病负担的宝贵参考依据。

方法
本研究从各数据库建库至2024年3月，系统检索了6个关键电子数据库：PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、Cochrane Library、Scopus及CINAHL，以筛选报道老年人群口腔衰弱患病率或不良结局的潜在研究。排除无法获取有效数据的研究。由2名研究者独立完成文献检索、数据提取及纳入研究的质量评价。数据分析采用R Project 4.1.1及Review Manager 5.3软件进行。

结果
最终纳入28项符合纳入标准的研究，共涉及27927名老年人群。老年人群口腔衰弱的合并患病率为32%（95%置信区间（CI）：0.24, 0.41）。亚组分析显示，研究场景、样本特征、研究设计及评估工具均会对口腔衰弱的患病率产生影响。此外，口腔衰弱与躯体衰弱（比值比（OR）=1.67；95%CI：1.38, 2.02）、营养不良（OR=2.27；95%CI：1.75, 2.96）、饮食多样性低下（OR=1.98，95%CI：1.15, 3.39）及社交退缩的高风险显著相关（OR=1.42；95%CI：1.18, 1.71）。

结论
本系统评价与荟萃分析结果显示，老年人群中口腔衰弱患病率较高。口腔衰弱可能影响老年人群的预后，因此需将其纳入综合评估与管理方案，作为整合式照护的一部分。

系统评价注册链接：https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=537884