A case-control study on the association between diabetes and hepatitis B

Objective To analyze the prevalence of occult hepatitis B infection and its correlation with diabetes through a case-control design.Methods A case-control study was conducted using data from the diabetes management system in Jingyuan County, Gansu Province, to assess the seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus. Fingertip blood samples were collected for instant blood glucose testing, while venous blood samples were collected for hepatitis B serological marker testing.Results The study included 1218 diabetic patients and 553 non-diabetic patients. Among individuals without a previous diagnosis of diabetes, 11.15% had impaired fasting blood glucose levels and 4.43% had diabetes. Among those who reported no or unknown diagnosis of hepatitis B, 1.73% tested positive for hepatitis B surface antigen, while 18.8% tested positive for both hepatitis B core antibody and surface antibody, indicating occult prevalence or past recovery from occult disease status. In the non-diabetic group, 0.82% reported having hepatitis B compared to 2.76% in the diabetic group (adjusted incidence ratio: 2.41; 95% CI:1.10-5.25).Conclusions By analyzing epidemiological characteristics of both diseases, this study provides evidence on occult prevalence and comorbidity between diabetes and hepatitis B as well as insights into health management strategies for diabetes and efforts towards eliminating Hepatitis-B by2030.

研究目的：本研究采用病例对照设计，分析隐匿性乙型肝炎病毒感染的流行率及其与糖尿病的相关性。
研究方法：本研究依托甘肃省靖远县糖尿病管理系统的数据开展病例对照研究，以评估乙型肝炎病毒的血清流行率。研究采集指尖血样本用于即时血糖检测，同时采集静脉血样本以检测乙型肝炎血清学标志物。
研究结果：本研究共纳入1218例糖尿病患者与553例非糖尿病受试者。在既往未被诊断为糖尿病的人群中，11.15%存在空腹血糖受损，4.43%确诊为糖尿病。在自述未感染或乙肝感染状态未知的人群中，1.73%的乙型肝炎表面抗原检测呈阳性，18.8%的受试者乙型肝炎核心抗体与表面抗体均呈阳性，提示隐匿性感染或既往隐匿性感染后康复状态。非糖尿病组乙肝感染报告率为0.82%，糖尿病组则为2.76%（调整后发病率比：2.41；95%置信区间：1.10~5.25）。
研究结论：本研究通过分析两种疾病的流行病学特征，为糖尿病与乙型肝炎的隐匿性流行及共患病关联提供了实证依据，同时为糖尿病健康管理策略制定以及2030年消除乙型肝炎的工作提供了参考思路。