Tolerance of Cabbage Crop to Auxin Herbicides

ABSTRACT: The presence of weeds in cabbage cultivation areas causes a reduction in the productivity and quality of the commercial product. Given the difficulties in management and the scarcity of registered products for weed control in cabbage cultivation, this study aimed to evaluate the tolerance of the cabbage cultivars Astrus Plus to the herbicides 2,4-D and dicamba. Two experiments were performed; one under controlled conditions and another conducted in the field. The efficacy of the herbicides on the initial growth of the crop was evaluated in the first experiment, measuring the dry matter of the aerial part, the root of the plant, and evaluating the intoxication of the plants. Plant poisoning was also evaluated in the second experiment, along with crop production. No changes in the dry matter and plant poisoning were observed after the analyses performed in the controlled environment, showing that the cabbage presented tolerance to the applied herbicides. On the other hand, results from the experiments performed in the field showed that herbicide 2,4-D poisoned the cabbage causing reductions in production. Dicamba did not cause any damage in the initial phase of cultivation to this crop, with no reductions in its production. These results indicated the potential use of this herbicide in cabbage cultivation. It can be concluded from this study that the cultivar Astrus Plus is tolerant to dicamba. Under controlled conditions, 2,4-D does not cause toxicity to this cultivar, different from its effect when used in the field, where this herbicide can kill the cabbage plants.

摘要：卷心菜种植田块中杂草的滋生会降低作物的生产性能与商品品质。鉴于卷心菜田杂草防控管理难度较大，且登记可用的防控产品较为稀缺，本研究旨在评估卷心菜品种Astrus Plus对除草剂2,4-D与麦草畏（dicamba）的耐受性。本研究设置两项试验：其一在可控环境条件下开展，其二于田间实施。第一项试验评估了除草剂对作物初始生长的影响，通过测定植株地上部与根部干物质重量，并对植株药害情况进行评价。第二项试验同样开展了植株药害评价，并同步考察了作物产量。可控环境下的试验分析结果显示，植株干物质重量与药害症状均无显著变化，表明该卷心菜品种对供试除草剂具有耐受性。与之相对，田间试验结果表明，除草剂2,4-D会诱发卷心菜出现药害，进而导致产量下降。麦草畏则未对该作物的栽培初期造成任何不良影响，且未导致产量降低。上述结果证实了麦草畏在卷心菜种植中应用的潜在可行性。本研究可得出结论：Astrus Plus品种对麦草畏具有耐受性；在可控环境条件下，2,4-D不会对该品种产生毒性，但与田间施用效果不同，田间使用该除草剂会导致卷心菜植株死亡。