The particle ‘tá(~matá)’ in the clause structure of Guajá

Abstract This study examines the morphosyntactic properties of the particle ‘tá(~matá)’ in the clause structure of the Guajá language, considering its development in terms of a formal grammaticalization approach. I start from work by Magalhães (2007), which analyzes this category as an aspectual projective particle (PROJ) and subsequently examine its syntactic status, considering correlates in other Tupí-Guaraní languages (particularly Kamaiurá). I adopt the generative framework (Chomsky, 1995) and propose that the projective particle ‘tá(~matá)’ in Guajá lexicalizes the [T(ense)] functional head, which is defined within a cartographic model of clause structure. This analysis is evaluated with respect to the structural properties of negation as well as the distribution of subject agreement properties in these predicates.

摘要 本研究考察了瓜哈语（Guajá）从句结构中助词‘tá(~matá)’的形态句法属性，并从形式语法化研究路径探讨其演化历程。本研究以Magalhães（2007）的研究为基础，该研究将该助词归为体投射助词（aspectual projective particle，PROJ）；随后考察其句法地位，并参考其他图皮-瓜拉尼语系（Tupí-Guaraní）中的相关对应特征，尤其是卡马尤拉语（Kamaiurá）。本研究采用生成语法框架（Chomsky，1995），提出瓜哈语中的投射助词‘tá(~matá)’实现了时态（Tense，T）功能中心语的词化，该中心语的定义依托于从句结构的制图模型。本研究还结合否定结构的句法属性以及这些谓词中主语一致特征的分布情况，对上述分析进行了验证。