Colombian ELDs Data

Amidst global environmental change, environmental and land defenders (ELDs) stand at the forefront of efforts to achieve sustainability targets. These grassroots activists, often from vulnerable communities, employ non-violent strategies in advocating for conservation, social justice, and community protection. Yet, they face mounting risks, especially in resource-abundant countries of the global south, stemming from complex institutional frameworks. Global Witness (GW) publishes the most cited reports and sole database focusing on global ELDs murders. However, GW’s dataset exhibits critical limitations which obscure the true extent of the threats and limit our capacity to develop targeted and efficient solutions. This study complements and analyzes GW's 2012-2021 data on Colombia ELDs and introduces this new dataset (Colombian ELDs Data), combining research and data visualization methodologies to address information gaps, confirm vulnerable groups and industry drivers, identify conflict hotspots, uncover areas of possible under-reporting, and provide local context. Our findings contribute to broader discussions on safeguarding ELDs in resource-abundant contexts, and emphasizing data's pivotal role in shaping human rights, resource extraction, and environmental protection policies. Additionally, it provides tools, methodologies, and alternatives to enhance future research and data on industry drivers, land and resource disputes, evolving violence dynamics, and economic pressures fueling this alarming trend.<br><br>This dataset provides the new Colombian ELDs Data, as well as Global Witness's Original Dataset (both global and Amazonia) and a count of the Indigenous victims and the Indigenous communities they were from. <br><br><i>Note 1: as of Feb 2023, the original GW dataset used in this study is no longer publicly available to download on GW’s website. The 2022 ELD GW report does not provides a link to a dataset, therefore making it impossible for this study to include the 60 Colombian victims identified by GW as being killed in 2022.</i><br><br><i>Note 2: All information compiled into the dataset based on GW's Original Dataset and sources linked. The author is not responsible for any erroneous, false, or manipulated information. Please verify all data before publishing dataset or additional research. </i>

在全球环境变化的背景下，环境与土地保护者（environmental and land defenders, ELDs）是实现可持续发展目标的先锋力量。这类来自弱势社群的基层行动者，以非暴力策略倡导生态保护、社会正义与社区安全。然而，他们正面临日益加剧的安全风险，尤其是在全球南方资源富集国家，此类风险源于复杂的制度架构。全球见证组织（Global Witness, GW）发布了全球范围内被引用最广泛的相关报告，也是目前唯一聚焦环境与土地保护者遇害情况的数据库。但该数据库存在显著局限，不仅掩盖了威胁的真实规模，也限制了我们开发针对性高效解决方案的能力。本研究对全球见证组织2012至2021年间关于哥伦比亚环境与土地保护者的数据集进行补充与分析，并推出全新的《哥伦比亚环境与土地保护者数据集》（Colombian ELDs Data）；研究结合了文献调研与数据可视化方法，旨在填补信息空白、确认弱势群体与行业驱动因素、识别冲突热点区域、揭示可能存在的漏报情况，并提供本土语境支撑。本研究发现可为资源富集地区环境与土地保护者的权益保障相关议题提供更广泛的讨论基础，并强调数据在塑造人权、资源开采与环境保护政策中的关键作用。此外，本研究还提供了相关工具、研究方法与替代方案，以助力未来针对行业驱动因素、土地与资源争端、不断演变的暴力模式以及助长这一严峻趋势的经济压力的相关研究与数据收集。

本数据集包含全新的《哥伦比亚环境与土地保护者数据集》，以及全球见证组织的原始数据集（覆盖全球与亚马逊地区（Amazonia）），同时包含原住民遇害者及其所属社群的统计数据。

注1：截至2023年2月，本研究使用的全球见证组织原始数据集已无法在其官方网站公开下载。2022年全球见证组织发布的环境与土地保护者相关报告未提供数据集下载链接，因此本研究无法纳入全球见证组织统计的2022年遇害的60名哥伦比亚环境与土地保护者数据。

注2：本数据集所有信息均基于全球见证组织原始数据集及关联来源整理而成。作者不对任何错误、虚假或篡改的信息承担责任。在发布本数据集或开展相关补充研究前，请务必对所有数据进行核验。