Medium/high entropy alloys with heterogeneous structures for superior properties: A review

Heterogeneous structures, such as gradient, lamellar, and dual-phase configurations, have been prevalent in nature for ages and have been harnessed in diverse applications to achieve exceptional properties in man-made
engineering materials. These heterogeneous structures not only enhance the mechanical properties of then structured material but also exhibit immense potential in functional materials, enabling unprecedented functionalities. High entropy alloys (HEAs), a cutting-edge alloy design concept centered on multi-principal elements, offer a vast compositional landscape. The integration of HEA with heterogeneous structures further broadens the prospects for discovering new materials with remarkable attributes. This review delves into several types of heterogeneous structures within HEAs, highlighting their superior mechanical and functional properties, including strength, ductility, dynamic shear toughness, fracture toughness, fatigue properties, and magnetic capabilities. Additionally, it explores their deformation mechanisms and strain-hardening capabilities. This article provides a comprehensive overview of heterogeneous structured HEA for achieving enhanced mechanical and functional performance.

诸如梯度、层状、双相构型在内的异质结构，早已在自然界中广泛存在，并被应用于多类工程场景，以赋予人造工程材料卓越性能。此类异质结构不仅可提升含异质结构材料的力学性能，在功能材料领域亦展现出巨大潜力，能够实现前所未有的功能特性。高熵合金（High Entropy Alloys，HEAs）是一种以多主元为核心的前沿合金设计理念，拥有极为广阔的成分调控空间。将高熵合金与异质结构相结合，进一步拓宽了开发具备优异综合性能新型材料的前景。本综述梳理了高熵合金内部的多类异质结构，重点阐述其优异的力学与功能性能，涵盖强度、塑性、动态剪切韧性、断裂韧性、疲劳性能以及磁学性能；同时探讨了其变形机制与应变硬化能力。本文全面综述了异质结构高熵合金在提升力学与功能性能方面的研究进展。