DataSheet_9_Gut microbiota were altered with platelet count and red blood cell count in immune thrombocytopenia patients with different treatments.pdf

The gut microbiome is clearly linked to the development of various autoimmune diseases, however, its association with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is less well understood. The current study collected 73 samples, including 36 from healthy individuals and 37 from ITP patients. The gut microbial community was assessed using 16s rRNA sequencing. Findings illustrated that the abundance of key microbiota was significantly higher in the ITP group. This group was further divided into three subgroups that received different treatments for ITP. A random forest model was used to predict the key microbiota and the identified bacteria were shown to easily distinguish between the healthy and the ITP treatment groups. Microbial function annotation and difference analysis showed that drug treatment changed the gut microbiota and may play a role in inducing host autoimmune responses by changing microbial metabolism pathways. Clinical indices also correlated negatively with changes in the microbiota after treatment. In summary, ITP patients who received drug treatment had significant differences in their microbiota along with a high abundance of bacteria. Thus, the microbiome could be used as a biomarker to distinguish between healthy and ITB groups. The key differential bacteria could help to regulate the number of platelets in ITP patients and provide a red blood cell overstock.

肠道微生物组与多种自身免疫疾病的发生发展明确相关，但其与免疫性血小板减少症（immune thrombocytopenia, ITP）的关联尚不明晰。本研究共纳入73例样本，其中健康对照样本36例、ITP患者样本37例。采用16S rRNA测序技术对肠道微生物群落进行分析。研究结果显示，ITP组内关键微生物的丰度显著升高。随后将ITP患者组进一步划分为三个接受不同治疗方案的亚组。本研究借助随机森林模型对关键微生物进行预测，结果表明所鉴定的细菌可有效区分健康人群与ITP治疗亚组。微生物功能注释与差异分析显示，药物治疗可改变肠道微生物组结构，并可能通过改变微生物代谢通路，参与诱导宿主自身免疫应答。治疗后肠道微生物组的变化与临床指标呈负相关。综上，接受药物治疗的ITP患者其肠道微生物组存在显著差异，且关键菌群丰度较高。因此，肠道微生物组可作为区分健康人群与ITP组的生物标志物（biomarker）。关键差异菌群或可用于调节ITP患者的血小板数量，并改善红细胞过剩状态。