Physical properties of blade and grafting clip.

To improve the reliability and cost-efficiency of the grafting mechanism, this study proposes a novel butterfly-shaped polyethylene (PE) grafting clip and integrated cutting-type clip-feeding mechanism. The proposed system replaces traditional steel coil clips and vibration screen feeders with a lightweight, low-damage, and low-cost design capable of continuous clip feeding. The mechanical behavior of the PE clip material was characterized through tensile testing and modeled using the Johnson-Cook constitutive equation. A finite element model of the cutting process was established in Abaqus to investigate the effects of cutting force, speed, and angle on blade stress and clip deformation. Using the Box-Behnken response surface methodology, the cutting parameters were optimized to minimize stress concentration and material distortion. Simulation results showed that optimal performance was achieved at a cutting force of 110 N, a speed of 25.618 cm/s, and a cutting angle of 32.414°, yielding a maximum blade stress of 1.31 MPa and clip strain of 5.304%. Validation tests demonstrated that a 30°cutting angle produced the highest cutting quality, consistent with simulation predictions. Comparative performance evaluations with a commercial vibrating screen clip feeder confirmed the superiority of the proposed system in terms of reliability, energy efficiency, operational noise, and cost. The developed mechanism offers a compact and practical solution for automated grafting, particularly suitable for small and medium-sized seedling nurseries seeking affordable mechanization technologies.为提升嫁接机构的可靠性与成本效益，本研究提出一种新型蝶形聚乙烯（PE）嫁接夹具及集成式剪切型送夹机构。所提出的系统以轻量化、低损伤且低成本的设计替代了传统钢质卷夹与振动筛式送料器，可实现连续送夹作业。通过拉伸试验对PE夹具材料的力学性能进行了表征，并采用约翰逊-库克本构方程对其进行建模。在Abaqus中建立了剪切过程的有限元模型，以探究切削力、切削速度及切削角度对刀片应力与夹具变形的影响。采用Box-Behnken响应面法对切削参数进行优化，以最小化应力集中与材料畸变。仿真结果表明，当切削力为110 N、切削速度为25.618 cm/s、切削角度为32.414°时，系统性能最优，此时刀片最大应力为1.31 MPa，夹具应变为5.304%。验证试验显示，采用30°切削角度时剪切质量最佳，与仿真预测结果一致。与商用振动筛式送夹器的性能对比评估证实，所提出的系统在可靠性、能源效率、作业噪音及成本方面均具有优势。所研发的机构为自动化嫁接提供了一种紧凑实用的解决方案，尤其适用于寻求经济实惠机械化技术的中小型育苗苗圃。