Supplementary information files for "The distance-dependent electric field theory for sliding mode triboelectric nanogenerators"

Supplementary files for article "The distance-dependent electric field theory for sliding mode triboelectric nanogenerators"Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have demonstrated outstanding potential as energy harvesters and sensors for future wearable electronics. However, TENGs still require major improvements in their theory and optimization, especially for the sliding-mode designs. Addressing this gap, a novel theoretical model based on the distance-dependent electric field (DDEF) theory for sliding mode TENGs is presented here. The model is used to simulate the electrical outputs and impedance behaviour of a sliding mode TENG, and the results are verified experimentally. The outcomes indicate that compared to existing theoretical models, this new model provides higher accuracy in representing experimental TENG. Next, all the primary parameters (material, structural and motion parameters) which affect the sliding mode TENG are analyzed, uncovering new optimization strategies and more comprehensive parametric analysis compared to previous models. More importantly, the theoretical approach is equally applicable to sliding mode TENG as well as contact-separation mode TENG. This eliminates the need for bespoke capacitor models for each TENG type, leading to a universal theoretical platform for TENGs. The new model facilitates cross-comparison between different TENG working modes, uncovering a range of previously unreported output trends. Hence, this work significantly expands the understanding of TENGs, paving way to more efficient future device designs.© The Author(s), CC BY 4.0

论文《滑动模式摩擦纳米发电机的距离相关电场理论》补充材料
摩擦纳米发电机（Triboelectric nanogenerators, TENGs）作为未来可穿戴电子设备的能量收集器与传感器，已展现出卓越的应用潜力。然而，TENGs的理论研究与性能优化仍存在诸多待突破之处，针对滑动式设计的相关研究尤为不足。为填补这一研究空白，本文提出了一种基于距离相关电场（distance-dependent electric field, DDEF）理论的滑动式TENG新型理论模型。该模型被用于模拟滑动式TENG的电学输出与阻抗特性，所得结果经实验验证有效。研究结果表明，相较于现有理论模型，该新型模型在匹配实验TENG实测数据方面具备更高的准确性。随后，本文对影响滑动式TENG性能的全部核心参数（包括材料、结构与运动参数）进行了系统性分析，相较于既往模型，本研究揭示了全新的优化策略，并实现了更为全面的参数化分析。更为关键的是，该理论方法不仅适用于滑动式TENG，同样可推广应用于接触分离式TENG。这一成果无需为每种TENG类型定制专属电容模型，从而为TENGs构建了通用的理论研究平台。新型模型可实现不同TENG工作模式间的跨模式对比，进而发掘出一系列此前未被报道的输出特性变化规律。因此，本研究显著拓展了学界对TENGs的认知边界，为未来高效设备的设计研发铺平了道路。© 作者，CC BY 4.0