Lake circulation in July, August, September, and during the strong wind event for the depth-averaged, middle and bottom currents, respectively.

This work revisited the dynamics of deep-lake gyres and coastal circulation for Lake Michigan by using observations and modeling system. Few works had been done to comprehensively discuss the wind-, density-, and wave-driven circulation using a high-resolution, wave-current coupled model. The formation, dynamics and connection of the offshore and nearshore circulation in this representative large lake of the Great Lakes system was given detailed investigations in this study.

本研究借助观测资料与数值模拟系统，重新探究了密歇根湖（Lake Michigan）的深水环流涡与沿岸环流动力学机制。此前鲜有研究采用高分辨率浪流耦合模式，对风驱、密度驱及浪驱环流展开全面探讨。本研究针对五大湖（Great Lakes）系统中这一典型大型湖泊的离岸与近岸环流的形成过程、动力学机制及其相互关联，开展了详尽的研究。