THE IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ON ECONOMIC GROWTH: THEORETICAL MODELS AND NEW TRENDS

This article examines the impact of artificial intelligence on economic growth through the lens of theoretical economic models and emerging development trends. The study analyzes the role of artificial intelligence within the framework of endogenous growth theory, technological progress models, and the digital economy paradigm. Particular attention is paid to how artificial intelligence contributes to productivity growth, production efficiency, and innovation dynamics, thereby influencing long-term economic growth rates. The article also provides a theoretical assessment of the effects of AI-driven automation on labor markets, human capital formation, and capital structure. The findings suggest that the widespread adoption of artificial intelligence has the potential to initiate a new qualitative stage of economic growth; however, it simultaneously raises challenges related to institutional adaptation, workforce reskilling, and inequality.本文基于理论经济模型与新兴发展趋势视角，探析人工智能（Artificial Intelligence, AI）对经济增长的影响。本研究在内生增长理论、技术进步模型与数字经济范式的框架下，剖析人工智能的作用机制：重点关注其如何通过提升生产率增长、优化生产效率与激发创新动态，进而影响长期经济增速。本文还就人工智能驱动的自动化对劳动力市场、人力资本形成及资本结构的影响开展理论评估。研究结论显示，人工智能的大规模应用有望开启经济增长的全新质态阶段，但同时也会带来制度适配、劳动力技能再培训与收入不平等等方面的挑战。