MILAN project: raw images of deep sky objects captured with a Stellina observation station -- [2022-07]

During the MILAN research project (MachIne Learning for AstroNomy), the research team uses Stellina observation stations to collect raw images of deep sky objects. The Stellina observation station has an apochromatic ED doublet with an aperture of 80 mm and a focal length of 400 mm - focal ratio of f/5. It is equipped with a Sony IMX 178 CMOS sensor with a resolution of 6.4 million pixels (3096 x 2080 pixels). An anti-pollution filter is placed in front of the camera sensor. The station also has a fully automated alt-azimuth mount: setup, object tracking and focusing are also automatic. Stellina also has an integrated field rotator that adapts to the target. Thus, the research team built a dataset that faithfully represents what can be obtained during classical Electronically Assisted Astronomy sessions in the Luxembourg Greater Region:<br> - targets: representative set of deep sky objects from the Messier / NGC / IC catalogs during the period.<br> - type of targets: nebulaes, planetary nebula, galaxies, globular clusters, open clusters<br> - for each observation session: sub-frames of 10 seconds exposure time and total cumulative duration of ~15/30 minutes (depending of the target) -- bad sub-frames were not filtered. The dataset is composed of ZIP files -- and each zip file contain raw images in FITS format (Flexible Image Transport System): data come directly from the Sony IMX178 sensor of the Stellina observation station (no debayerisation and no post processing). This research was funded by the Luxembourg National Research Fund (FNR), grant reference 15872557. To refer to or to cite this work, please use: "Parisot, O., Hitzelberger, P., Bruneau, P., Krebs, G., Destruel, C., &amp; Vandame, B. (2023). MILAN Sky Survey, a dataset of raw deep sky images captured during one year with a Stellina automated telescope. Data in Brief, 48, 109133." MILAN project team members: Olivier Parisot (LIST), Patrik Hitzelberger (LIST), Pierrick Bruneau (LIST), Gilles Krebs (VAONIS, Christophe Destruel (VAONIS), Benoît Vandame (VAONIS). More information about the MILAN project: https://www.fnr.lu/results-2021-1-bridges-call/. More information about VAONIS instruments: https://vaonis.com/ More information about Luxembourg of Science and Technology (LIST): https://www.list.lu/ Data license for files: Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International本数据集源自MILAN研究项目（机器学习用于天文学，MachIne Learning for AstroNomy），研究团队采用Stellina观测站采集深空天体原始观测图像。该观测站搭载口径80 mm、焦距400 mm、焦比f/5的复消色差ED双透镜，配备分辨率为640万像素（3096×2080像素）的Sony IMX 178 CMOS传感器，相机传感器前方加装防污染滤镜。观测站还搭载全自动地平式支架，可自动完成架设、天体跟踪与对焦操作；同时集成适配观测目标的场旋转器。 研究团队构建的数据集真实还原了卢森堡大都市区经典电子辅助天文（Electronically Assisted Astronomy）观测活动中所能获得的观测数据，具体信息如下： - 观测目标：该时段内取自梅西耶（Messier）、NGC、IC星表的典型深空天体集合。 - 目标类型：星云、行星状星云、星系、球状星团、疏散星团。 - 单次观测参数：采用10秒曝光时长的子帧，单组观测累计时长约15/30分钟（依观测目标而定）——未对劣质子帧进行筛选。 本数据集以ZIP压缩包形式存储，每个压缩包内含FITS格式（Flexible Image Transport System）的原始图像数据，数据直接取自Stellina观测站的Sony IMX178传感器，未进行拜耳去马赛克处理与后期加工。 本研究由卢森堡国家研究基金（FNR）资助，资助编号为15872557。 如需引用本研究，请使用以下格式："Parisot, O., Hitzelberger, P., Bruneau, P., Krebs, G., Destruel, C., & Vandame, B. (2023). MILAN巡天：基于Stellina全自动望远镜一年观测获取的深空天体原始图像数据集. 数据简报（Data in Brief）, 48, 109133." MILAN项目组成员包括：Olivier Parisot（LIST，卢森堡科学与技术研究所，Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology）、Patrik Hitzelberger（LIST）、Pierrick Bruneau（LIST）、Gilles Krebs（VAONIS）、Christophe Destruel（VAONIS）、Benoît Vandame（VAONIS）。 更多关于MILAN项目的信息可访问：https://www.fnr.lu/results-2021-1-bridges-call/ 更多关于VAONIS仪器的信息可访问：https://vaonis.com/ 更多关于卢森堡科学与技术研究所（LIST）的信息可访问：https://www.list.lu/ 本数据集文件采用署名-非商业性使用-禁止演绎 4.0 国际许可协议（Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International）。