PRACTICAL ANALYSIS ON CHOOSING EQUIVALENTS TO FOREIGN TERMS

This article reconsiders the concept of term equivalence beyond the framework of the traditional structuralist paradigm and reinterprets it on the basis of poststructuralist theory. Key concepts such as Ferdinand de Saussure’s theory of the sign system, Jacques Derrida’s difference and the displacement of meaning, Michel Foucault’s discourse, Roland Barthes’s intertextual text, and Lawrence Venuti’s translator’s invisibility are applied to translation studies. While the traditional approach (Eugene Nida, Peter Newmark, Mona Baker) regards equivalence as stable and attainable, poststructuralism interprets it as relative, context-dependent, and discursively constructed compatibility. Using English–Uzbek terms such as deconstruction, difference, discourse, intertextuality, logocentrism, supplement, trace, foreignization, domestication, and dynamic equivalence as examples, the article analyzes semantic shifts and interpretative variations. As a result, term equivalence is demonstrated to be not a “perfect match,” but rather a continuous process of displacement and reinterpretation. This approach strengthens the creative role of the translator and opens the way for a new paradigm in Uzbek linguistics.本文在后结构主义理论框架下，重新审视超越传统结构主义范式的术语等值（term equivalence）概念，并对其予以再阐释。费尔迪南·德·索绪尔（Ferdinand de Saussure）的符号系统理论、雅克·德里达（Jacques Derrida）的差异论与意义位移、米歇尔·福柯（Michel Foucault）的话语理论、罗兰·巴特（Roland Barthes）的互文文本，以及劳伦斯·韦努蒂（Lawrence Venuti）的译者隐形论等核心概念，均被应用于翻译研究领域。以尤金·奈达（Eugene Nida）、彼得·纽马克（Peter Newmark）、莫娜·贝克（Mona Baker）为代表的传统研究路径，将等值视为稳定且可达成的状态；而后结构主义则将其阐释为相对的、依赖语境的、经由话语建构的适配关系。本文以解构（deconstruction）、差异（difference）、话语（discourse）、互文性（intertextuality）、逻各斯中心主义（logocentrism）、增补（supplement）、踪迹（trace）、异化（foreignization）、归化（domestication）及动态等值（dynamic equivalence）等英语-乌兹别克语术语为例，分析了语义流变与阐释变体。研究表明，术语等值并非"完美匹配"，而是一个持续的意义位移与再阐释过程。该研究路径强化了译者的创造性作用，并为乌兹别克语言学领域的新范式开辟了道路。